What is CyberKnife? CyberKnife is a brand name for a device that delivers stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). It’s a form of external beam radiation. It can be used to treat prostate cancer and other types of cancer. Although it contains the word “knife” and is sometimes referred to as “radiosurgery,” there’s no knife or incision. SBRT is an image-guided technique of delivering high doses of radiation with extreme accuracy. The purpose is to kill cancer cells while limiting damage to healthy tissues and organs. CyberKnife vs. traditional treatments Prostate cancer treatment is not the same for everyone. Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy are designed to do different things. There are a few benefits of CyberKnife when compared to other treatments: There’s no incision or pain, as you might have from surgery. There’s no need for anesthesia or a hospital stay. As soon as it’s over, you can get up and return to your normal activities. It’s a lot less time-consuming than conventional radiation or chemotherapy. There’s no extended recovery period. Key CyberKnife® treatment benefits a couple recovered, Credits: pexels Radiation treatment is non-surgical and non-invasive Good cancer control Significantly reduced incidence of common side effects such as shortness of breath, swallowing difficulties or a sore throat Treatments are typically completed in as little as 3 to 4 sessions across 1 to 2 weeks Most patients can continue normal activity throughout treatment Side Effects of Cyberknife a man with fatigue. Credits: pexels Orinarily, the prospect of undergoing radiation therapy – or any treatment – for a cancerous tumor can be as distressing as the disease itself. That’s because conventional forms of radiation therapy can have severe side effects depending on the type of cancer you have, and the area being treated. These unwanted side effects may include: Fatigue Skin problems Nausea and vomiting Diarrhea Incontinence Shortness of breath Difficulty swallowing Damage to surrounding tissue Potential side effects of CyberKnife® treatment for lung cancer lung cancer, Credits: pexels Most radiation side effects are minimal and last only a short time. Side effects can, however, be severe. Possible side effects could include but are not limited to: Fatigue Breathing difficulties Cough Hemoptysis (coughing up blood) Radiation pneumonitis Radiation fibrosis Complications (such as pneumothorax) resulting from fiducial marker insertion Exposure to airways and/or nearby tissue

What is the CyberKnife® System? The CyberKnife System is a non-invasive treatment for cancerous and non-cancerous tumors and other conditions where radiation therapy is indicated. It is used to treat conditions throughout the body, including the prostate, lung, brain, spine, head and neck, liver, pancreas and kidney, and can be an alternative to surgery or for patients who have inoperable or surgically complex tumors. CyberKnife treatments are typically performed in 1 to 5 sessions. The CyberKnife System has more than two decades of clinical proof and has helped thousands of cancer patients. True robotic delivery precision The CyberKnife System is the only radiation delivery system which features a linear accelerator (linac) directly mounted on a robot to deliver the high-energy x-rays or photons used in radiation therapy. It uses real-time image guidance and a robot to deliver dose from thousands of beam angles, setting a new standard for delivery precision anywhere in the body and enabling stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) treatments for the full range of indications. The robot moves and bends around the patient, approaching the tumor from thousands of unique angles, significantly expanding the possible positions to concentrate radiation to the tumor while minimizing dose to surrounding healthy tissue. Treatment types The CyberKnife System was designed to deliver external-beam radiation therapy: Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) How CyberKnife Works cyberknife, Credits: Wikipedia commons CyberKnife radiosurgery delivers radiation with extreme accuracy. It targets the tumor with minimal exposure to the surrounding healthy tissue. Unlike surgery, CyberKnife does not remove tumors or lesions, but delivers a precise dose of radiation that destroys tumor cells and spares surrounding tissue. CyberKnife is a frameless radiosurgery system consisting of integrated parts. The central component is a lightweight linear accelerator mounted on a robotic arm. The mobility of CyberKnife enables it to treat tumors and lesions from a variety of angles without clinician intervention or treatment interruption. The radiation beams from CyberKnife adjust in real-time to a patient’s breathing cycle. Many tumors, even when their movement has been restricted, continue to move during treatment delivery. CyberKnife’s advanced robotic technology and ability to track tumor movement throughout the treatment, allows it to deliver radiation with extreme accuracy. By dramatically reducing the planning margins and accounting for patient movement, CyberKnife minimizes damage to the surrounding healthy tissue. Types of Cancer Treated with CyberKnife® CyberKnife® is commonly used to treat inoperable or complex tumors. It is an excellent alternative for patients who cannot or do not want to undergo surgery and for patients who have tumors in very sensitive or hard-to-reach places, including the following: Brain, Spine, and Skull-Base Tumors Trigeminal Neuralgia Head and Neck Cancer Lung Cancer Metastatic Cancer Pancreatic Cancer Prostate Cancer Benefits of CyberKnife® Cyberknife, Credits: Wikipedia commons Cyberknife treatment offers many benefits over surgery and other forms of radiation, including: Unrivaled accuracy. CyberKnife treats benign and cancerous tumors from more than 1,400 angles without harming the surrounding healthy tissue and organs. No hospital stay. CyberKnife therapy is performed as an outpatient procedure so you can return home the same day you receive treatment. No pain, anesthesia, or recovery time. CyberKnife is not a surgical procedure, so you won’t need to worry about losing blood, caring for incisions, or taking medication. Faster treatment completion. You will receive one to five treatments over one to two weeks, whereas traditional radiation may require over 40 visits. Excellent outcomes. Proven results show CyberKnife is as effective at treating most early stage tumors as surgery and is superior to traditional radiation therapy. How is CyberKnife different from radiation treatment? Conventional radiation therapy administers a broad beam of low-dose radiation from only a few directions over a longer period of time. This limits how closely the tumor is covered with radiation and also exposes some of the healthy surrounding tissue to radiation. Since CyberKnife radiosurgery delivers higher-dose, targeted beams (with sub-millimeter accuracy), it limits damage to surrounding tissue and requires fewer treatment sessions. Learn more about CyberKnife, request an appointment online. How does CyberKnife precisely focus the radiation? Prior to the therapy, a patient undergoes imaging scans to help our radiation oncologist map the tumor. These scans may include computed tomography (CT) scan, positron emission tomography (PET), ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The information from the scans is entered into the CyberKnife system’s computer to create a three-dimensional map of the tumor. What can a patient expect when undergoing treatment? During treatment, the patient lies on a table under a robotic device that delivers the radiation. Anova Cancer Care employs specially-trained physicists to oversee computer guidance of the robot, moving it around the patient and focusing precisely on the area of treatment. Radiation dosage is calculated based on the location, density, size and shape of the targeted tumor. Tiny gold markers are sometimes positioned in or around the tumor to let the CyberKnife determine the real-time position of the tumor within a tenth of a millimeter in the head, and within one millimeter in other areas of the body. This helps incorporate adjustments for patient movement and breathing in targeting the radiation. The treatment causes no pain, so anesthesia and pain medication are not needed. Nurses and doctors oversee the procedure going on in the treatment room with cameras and can hear and talk with the patient through an intercom system. How long does CyberKnife treatment last? CyberKnife treatment requires no hospitalization. One treatment process usually takes less than an hour and takes place in Anova’s office. Most patients complete their therapy after 1 to 5 treatments. There is no post-surgical recovery or rehabilitation and patients can go home immediately after the procedure. How long does it take for treatment to take effect? CyberKnife treatment results may take weeks or months to detect. The outcome depends on the condition being treated. Anova will monitor a patient’s progress through periodic follow-up examinations and imaging tests such as MRIs and CT scans. What are CyberKnife’s side effects? Typically, there are no side effects after a CyberKnife treatment and patients return to normal activities immediately. However, some patients may experience rare side effects including nausea and dizziness, which usually can be prevented with medications taken before or after treatment. Those symptoms should pass within a few hours of treatment. What does treatment feel like and how long does it take? Treatment is painless. You will not feel anything as the radiation is delivered. You may hear and see the CyberKnife machine moving and setting up for the next position in treatment. Relaxing is the best thing you can do, while lying still. You can bring a CD of relaxing music to listen to during your treatment. Time of treatment will vary, depending on the area being treated. Each stage or fraction, typically lasts one hour. You may need only one fraction, while others require up to 5 fractions for most effective treatment. Your doctor will tell you how long the treatment will take. Is CyberKnife clinically proven? The CyberKnife System is based on radiation technology that has been proven for more than 30 years. Thousands of patients have received CyberKnife treatments worldwide, and numerous clinical studies have been published in peer-reviewed medical journals.

The cattle baron ball will not be held in person this year, that was scheduled for October 17th, 2020. It is disappointing, and we were hoping to see each other in person, but the outpouring response from our partners confirms this is the right decision. Q: What is the event? The Orlando Cattle Baron’s Ball and the American Cancer Society decided to switch from a live event to a virtual one on 19 September. This would be a tough but responsible decision. The virtual Orlando Cattle Baron’s ball is being streamed live and includes the same robust, silent auction, a splendid Live auction, and a heartbroken call for the Orlando Cattle Baron’s Ball to finance pediatric cancer. We also have some chance drawing favorites, Chances for Chow and Grape Expectations, as well as a new fundraising photo contest called the Baron’s Contest. To learn more about the live auction items, Chances for Chow, Grape Expectations, Baron’s Contest (and silent auction items when the are released on September 15th), visit our mobile bidding site http://bidpal.net/cbb2020. Be sure to follow us on Facebook and Instagram for up to date information about our event! Q: Where is the event? The event will be streamed on our website and Facebook page. Q: When is the event? Saturday, September 19, 2020 5:45pm pre-show | 6:00pm program Q: What do we wear? “Western Casual” is the attire so grab your best pair of jeans and shine your boots to watch the event. While you are at it, make sure to snap a selfie and post your photo to Facebook and Instagram using #VirtualCBB. Check out the “About” tab to view pictures and a video to get some great ideas. Q: How do we register to bid and donate? Visit http://bidpal.net/cbb2020 Text CBB2020 to 243725 A link for the auction will be sent out to all guests who have provided a cell phone number in the past, with a link to register and bid as well. Q: What is the entertainment at the event? Country music by Sean Holcomb and live auction direct from Rosen Plaza Hotel with and Gene McQueen of All Benefits Auctions (with real time shout outs of donors and bidders), all with our “Host From Home” Joey Fatone as the event emcee. Q: What is in the live auction this year? View the live auction items available at https://www.cattlebaronsballorlando.com/ auction. Q: How do I get the digital program? View the digital program here: https://issuu.com/virtualcbb/docs/2020_program__1_?fr=sNWEwMTE5NTc0NDk Our weight depends on our daily eating and exercise habits, with a degree of genetic predisposition. Fat distribution on our bodies dictates snoring. 2020 Tampa Cattle Barons Ball women enjoying, Credits: pixabay Friday, October 2, 2020 RSVP Today To register “purchase” a FREE Ticket Your Tampa Cattle Baron’s Ball is happy to announce the new format for our 23rd gala: Tampa Cattle Baron’s Ball @ Home. The Tampa Cattle Baron’s Ball is the premier western themed gala in Tampa Bay, where fun and entertainment meets philanthropy in a special evening packed with spectacular live and silent auctions, education and mission awareness with our Tampa Bay and extended community bringing hope to our fight against cancer. Due to COVID-19, to protect the health and safety of our sponsors, guests and volunteers we have changed our gala format to be a virtual experience, with custom interactive elements to create a dynamic event from the safety of your home. This year, there is a new sheriff coming to town to host our CBB @ Home. America’s Favorite Comedian, Tom Cotter is hosting this year’s gala, riding his virtual horse right into your living rooms for a one of a kind interactive and entertaining event. Join us and Tom Friday, October 2 from 6:30-9:00 for some good, ol’ fashioned western style hilarity, 1-on-1 discussions, interviews and entertainment. The Richmond Cattle Baron’s Ball is going VIRTUAL! women enjoying virtually, Credits: pexel Cancer hasn’t stopped, so neither have we. The fight against cancer can’t be canceled, postponed, or rescheduled. That’s why the Cattle Baron’s Ball Co-Chairs and Board of Ambassadors made the difficult, but necessary, decision to go VIRTUAL! We invite you to join us on Saturday, October 17th for the Cattle Baron’s Ball Hoedown@Home where we will broadcast live on NBC12 and stream on multiple social media channels from 7-8PM. The COVID-19 pandemic has upended lives and plans. Jobs have been lost and families are struggling. The American Cancer Society is no exception, as we are projecting income to be reduced by one third this year because of the pandemic. We are risk of losing a generation of research progress if we don’t act now. You can continue to stand on the front lines in the fight against cancer by joining us for our Hoedown@Home! Orlando Cattle Baron’s Ball The virtual Orlando Cattle Baron’s Ball was held on September 19, 2020. The virtual Orlando Cattle Baron’s Ball was streamed live and included the same robust silent auction, exciting live auction, and call to heart to fund pediatric cancer you have come to expect at the Orlando Cattle Baron’s Ball. We are accepting Pediatric Cancer Research donations until September 30, 2020 in honor of pediatric cancer awareness month. American Cancer Society 2019 Tulsa Cattle Barons’ Ball women enjoying, Credits: pexel The American Cancer Society Cattle Barons’ Ball is an annual western gala and one of Tulsa’s most talked about and anticipated charity events. In 2019, the event included live entertainment by Mckenzies Mill, food provided by top local restaurants, western-themed activities, silent and live auctions. With your support, the American Cancer Society saves lives by helping people stay well and get well, by finding cures and by fighting back against cancer.

Can being overweight make you snore? Weight relies on the way we eat and exercise every day, overweight and snoring with a certain degree of genetic predisposition. Fat distribution on our bodies dictates snoring. Neck fat can directly compress your upper airway Neck fat compresses the upper airway, particularly when lying down, making snoring much more likely. Midriff fat causes indirect compression of the upper airway Being overweight and snoring isn’t just about neck fat. Central obesity, where fat is found around the midriff and chest, also worsens snoring and sleep apnea. Belly fat pushes your diaphragm up (a phenomenon mirrored in pregnant women, another sub-group of snorers), and fat on your chest compresses the ribcage. Both of these shrink the volume of your lungs. Lower lung capacity restricts airflow, air that is needed to keep some shape in the throat to prevent collapse. Men are more likely to snore due to their fat distribution Distribution of fat differs between the sexes, which goes some way to explaining why more men snore than women. Women usually gain body fat peripherally: on the thighs, hips and buttocks. Central fat on the neck, chest and abdomen is a pattern far more common in men, making them more likely to snore. After menopause, fat distribution in women changes, making central weight gain and snoring more likely. How can snoring make you overweight? a man with increased weight, Credits: pixabay Everyone knows that overeating and under-exercising makes us overweight. What is less well known is that snoring itself can facilitate weight gain. This is because sleep deprivation caused by snoring or sleep apnea changes our habits and our appetite. A classic example of this is someone who is tired during the day due to a poor night’s sleep, drinking high-sugar soft drinks to stay alert. Poor sleep drains our energy. Under-exercising is a symptom of the fatigue and tiredness that come from bad sleep. This is the snoring-obesity cycle. Snorers and their partners lose sleep, so are less inclined to exercise and more inclined to eat lots of carbohydrate-rich foods. This spells weight gain. More weight means more snoring. More snoring produces worse sleep and more exhaustion, which in turn is mitigated by overeating and under-exercising [2]. So how to disrupt the cycle? Studies have shown that people getting poor sleep are far less likely to lose weight. Fatigue and stress from sleep debt makes people disinclined to stick to diet and exercise regimes. You need a combined approach of effective weight loss techniques, appropriate snoring remedies and good sleep hygiene. Weight loss techniques for snorers Weight loss, Credits: pixabay There’s no shortage of advice and special diets when it comes to losing weight. It can all be a bit confusing and overwhelming. No single technique works wonders for everyone, and drastic solutions are rarely stuck at for very long. Try a combination of the following, sustainable methods to start you on your way to weight loss: Front load your diet Breakfast, Credits: pexels This is another way of saying eat more in the morning and less in the evening. Nobody agrees why, but weight loss seems to be enhanced when people have smaller evening meals. Low carbohydrate diet low carbohydrates, Credits: pexels Reducing your carbohydrate intake – that’s sugar and starch – can help you lose weight very quickly. This can be achieved with smart substitutions of ingredients. Don’t eat too soon before bed Indigestion can cause reflux and discomfort that disrupts sleep. Eat early, get better sleep and feel readier to lose weight. Eat little and often less portion of food, Credits: pexels Big meals make you feel sluggish. Feel better and more active by eating smaller portions throughout the day. Slow down a woman eating slowly, Credits: pexels There is a natural delay in digestion, so we can be physically full before our brain realises we are, causing us to overeat. By taking our time when we eat, not only do we stop sooner, but we also enjoy food more. Snoring remedies well-suited to overweight people Snoring remedies can be very effective if they are correctly matched to the snorer. Due to the nature of their snoring, there are certain remedies that are better suited to overweight people: Mouthpieces mouthpiece, Credits: pixabay Your mouth falls open when you sleep if neck fat has decreased the muscular tone in your neck. Use a mouthpiece to bring your jaw forward to stop your tongue falling back and causing airway obstruction. Anti-snoring mouthpieces vary greatly, be sure to check out our guide to anti-snoring mouthpieces. Positional therapy a man sleeping on his side, Credits: pixabay Sleep on your side! The combined effect of being overweight and sleeping on your back can make snoring very bad. There are many ways to change your position, from specialised pillows and vibrating training devices, to simple hacks like attaching a tennis ball to your back. Wedge pillow If you can’t sleep on your side, slight head elevation with a wedge pillow has shown to be extremely effective in reducing snoring, particularly for overweight people. Mouth exercises Reducing weight-related snoring needn’t just involve exercising your body, many snorers see massive improvements when performing various mouth and throat exercises. Good sleep hygiene clean bedroom, Credits: pexels Set yourself up for a great night’s sleep by practising good sleep hygiene. This isn’t about personal cleanliness (though showering/bathing does indeed help) but is about preparing your mind and body for sleep. Follow these useful tips: Have regular bed times. Aim for seven to eight hours of sleep. Make sure your room is dark. Mentally declutter with gentle activity like reading a book. Avoid alcohol and caffeine. Avoid napping too soon before bedtime. Have a cool bedroom. Take a shower or bath before bed. Don’t force sleep if it isn’t forthcoming. Conclusion If you are overweight and snoring, you may find yourself in a cycle that is difficult to break free from. With effective weight loss techniques, well suited snoring remedies and good sleep hygiene, you can start to lose weight, stop snoring.

A kidney transplant is a surgery done to replace a diseased kidney with a healthy kidney donation from a donor. The kidney may come from a deceased organ donor or from a living donor. Family members or others who are a good match may be able to donate one of their kidneys. This type of transplant is called a living transplant. People who donate a kidney can live healthy lives with one healthy kidney. Can I be a Kidney Donor if I have Pre-Diabetes or Diabetes? Diabetes, Credits: pixabay Maybe. Pre-diabetes means your blood sugar levels are higher than normal, but not high enough to be diabetes. For a diabetic patient, the blood sugar levels should be under control and they should not be suffering from any other comorbidity. In a study conducted in US found that people who have diabetes or high blood pressure have a two to four times higher chance of experiencing reduced kidney function compared to those who do not. Overall, they found that for 88 percent of kidney donors, the lifetime risk of End stage renal disease before donation was less than 1 percent. To qualify as a kidney donor, you’ll first need to make changes to try to lower your blood sugar. This may prevent your pre-diabetes from turning into diabetes. Why is Pre-Diabetes a Problem For Kidney Donation? Pre-diabetes is a problem for kidney donors because: Pre-diabetes may turn into diabetes unless you can lower your blood sugar level. Diabetes (especially type 2 diabetes) can cause kidney disease and is the most common reason for kidney failure in the United States UNOS, the organization responsible for organ kidney donation in the U.S., will not allow people with diabetes to donate. How Can Doctors Tell If I’m Healthy Enough to Donate A Kidney? weighing scale, Credits: pixabay To see if you’re healthy enough to donate a kidney, you’ll have a donor evaluation. The evaluation is a series of tests doctors do to check your overall health and make sure there aren’t any problems that would keep you from donating. To see if you have diabetes or pre-diabetes, doctors will: Ask about your family medical history, since diabetes can run in families Check your weight and age Test your blood for high levels of blood sugar and higher than normal hemoglobin A1c, which are signs of diabetes and pre-diabetes What Happens if Tests Show I Have Pre-Diabetes? Diabetes, Credits: pixabay If your blood sugar level is higher than 110mg/dl, it means you have pre-diabetes. Doctors will help you find ways to make lifestyle changes to lower your blood sugar, such as: Change your eating habits Lose weight Add exercise to your daily life You’ll need to keep doing these lifestyle changes for the rest of your life. After you’ve made these lifestyle changes, doctors will retest your blood sugar and let you know if you’re healthy enough to donate. If your blood sugar level is within normal range, you might be able to donate a kidney If your blood sugar level is still high, you may not be able to donate – especially if you are young and have many years ahead when diabetes may develop

The Bicycle Manoeuvre is the same exercise as the Pilates Criss Cross. It has been determined by the American Council on Exercise to be the best of the ab exercises, and is an excellent way to develop a flat stomach. Benefits This exercise incorporates both trunk flexion and rotation which strengthens the following muscles: External abdominal oblique Internal abdominal oblique Rectus abdominis And the transversus abdominis These muscles allow you to bend and twist your trunk. Strengthening these muscles will Help you keep your back well aligned Provide support for your abdomen Help you rise from a sitting or lying position In addition, you improve your physical appearance. Pros It is scientifically determined to be the best abdominal workout. It is the best ab exercise because it involves both the compression of the abdominopelvic cavity and the rotation of the vertebral column. Best of all, this exercise requires no equipment. Con It is a difficult workout to do. However, the health benefits make it worth the effort to perform this workout properly and often. Tips You can place your hands centred behind your head with your fingers lightly interlaced. However, if you have a tendency to lift your torso with your arms and hands, you should place your hands just behind your ears rather than behind your head. This will encourage you to lift yourself with your abdominal muscles rather than with your arms. Also, you may have a tendency to cheat by moving your knee closer to your rising torso to decrease the distance that you need to lift yourself. Concentrate on keeping your thigh at a 90 degree angle to the floor as you lift to touch your knee with your elbow. How to Do The Bicycle Manoeuvre? a woman doing bicycle manoeuvre abs exercise, Credits: foter Lie flat on a Pilates or Exercise Mat with your lower back pressed to the mat Put your hands beside your head and over your ears Raise your knees to form a 90degree angle with vertical thighs and horizontal shins Extend your right leg out with your leg about 30 to 45 degrees above the floor Keep your left thigh vertical and your left shin horizontal Raise your shoulders off the mat with your abdominal muscles and rotate to touch your left knee with your right elbow Switch legs and rotate in the opposite direction to touch your right knee with your left elbow Keep even, relaxed breathing throughout the workout Continue until your muscles are fatigued Common Mistakes Avoid these errors so you get the most out of this exercise while preventing strain or injury. Hip Rotation Your torso should be doing all of the rotation. Your hips should not be rotating, you should be driving your legs straight forward and backward. Keep your lower back pressed into the floor during the manoeuvre. Neck Straining Don’t pull your head forward, make your torso do the work of rotation. If you find yourself straining with your head and neck to get your elbow to contact your knee, instead just rotate as far as you can with your torso. Bicycle Crunch Variations Standing bicycle crunch This is an easier version of the exercise that mimics the movement of the bicycle crunch, but from a standing position. Bend at the waist and bring your turning arm down to meet the knee of the opposite leg, which you raise so they meet around your midriff. Elevated bicycle crunch For a more advanced version, try the elevated bicycle crunch, where you lie down on a bench to perform the exercise. This means your legs lower further in each rep for a greater range of movement, so your core has to work harder to lift them to your twisting torso, and also helps to improve your hip mobility.

What is Amniotic tissue? Amniotic tissue refers to the innermost layer of the placenta, the amniotic sac that encapsulates an unborn baby and the umbilical cord. The fluid from this tissue is laden with stem cells and hyaluronic acid, which is the same material that lubricates your knees so they move as they should. Plus, because amniotic fluid is regenerative – as it’s largely responsible for the health of a fetus – it can be used to treat inflammatory conditions such as osteoarthritis and reduce scarring. How is Amniotic Tissue Sourced? A pregnant woman, Credits: pexels Amniotic tissue is obtained during a Caesarean Section (C-Section) procedure. During pregnancy, the placenta, umbilical cord, and amniotic fluid nourish the fetus and protect it from threats to its immune system. After the C-Section is performed, this tissue is often discarded; but, if the mother consents to donate it, the amniotic tissue is screened for infectious diseases and sterilized in accordance to regulations by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the American Association of Tissue Banks (AATB). From there, the amniotic tissue can be stored for up to five years and utilized in a variety of medical applications, such as treatment of peripheral nerve injuries, leg ulcers, and osteoarthritis. What Is Amniotic Stem Cell Injection? Injection, Credits: pexels Amniotic stem cells that we use are derived from the amniotic sac — not an embryo. While most people may have ethical concerns about embryonic stem cell therapy, most everyone agrees that the use of amniotic stem cell therapy raises no ethical or moral questions. Harvesting amniotic stem cells is a highly regulated procedure to help ensure the health and safety of the donors and recipients. How Does Amniotic Stem Cell Therapy Work? Stem cell treatment takes advantage of the body’s ability to repair itself. The amniotic stem cells can jump-start the healing process by creating the cells the damaged tissues need. Amniotic fluid is highly concentrated in stem cells, hyaluronic acid which lubricates joints and tendons, easing the pain and helping restore mobility, proteins, cytokines and other important compounds. Hyaluronic acid is the acid that is naturally occurring in the knee. Boosting your natural hyaluronic acid can help to cushion your knee so that there is less bone on bone pain. Studies have shown that amniotic fluid is naturally regenerative and can reduce inflammation and scars. Amniotic fluid is the fluid surrounding a fetus in pregnancy also contains nutrients, hormones, and antibodies. During most pregnancies, this fluid is thrown away after birth. Now, however, consenting mothers of cesarean section babies can donate this fluid because of its amazing regenerative process. It is important to stand out that these cells come from the amniotic sac and are not part of the embryo. Amniotic stem cell therapy is a very safe and effective treatment. More than 10,000 injections have been performed without a single reported adverse side effect. The fluid contains the growth factors that help to stimulate tissue growth, stem cell activity and naturally reduce inflammation. It also contains hyaluronic acid, which acts as a lubricant and promotes cartilage growth. While cortisone and other drugs only provide temporary pain relief, stem cells actually restore degenerated tissue while providing pain relief. Who is a candidate for Amniotic Stem Cell Therapy? a woman with neck pain, Credits: pexels This treatment is ideal for patients suffering from one of the following: Osteoarthritis Soft tissue or intra-articular injuries, including meniscus and cartilage Achilles tears Epicondylitis Tendon or ligament tears Sacroiliac pain Joint pain in the knee, shoulder, fingers, wrist, ankles or toes Tennis elbow, golfer’s elbow Rotator cuff injuries Wound healing Hip pain Neck pain Low back pain What Benefits Does Amniotic Stem Cell Treatment Offer? amniotic fluid injection, Credits: pexels Amniotic stem cell therapy is very safe and effective. Amniotic stem cells rely on naturally occurring anti-inflammatory agents and contain NO STEROIDS. Amniotic stem cells help lubricate the cartilage since they contain hyaluronic acid (a natural lubricant of the joint) Amniotic stem cells contain growth factors which stimulate tissue growth. There is no risk of patient rejection with amniotic stem cells. Amniotic fluid is a highly concentrated source of stem cells. This makes it preferable over embryonic stem cells and the patient’s own stem cells (from fat or bone marrow). Safe, non-steroidal alternative to surgery Anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial All natural and drug-free Contains more than 200 growth factors Reduced recovery time Bhattacharya et. al further stated in the study: “amniotic fluid injections present an excellent, safe, and longer lasting alternative for treating osteoarthritis due to its cushioning effect similar to hyaluronic acid and its anti-inflammatory and regenerative components.” How do amniotic injection products compare to traditional forms of treatment for osteoarthritis? knee, Credits: pexels Studies show excellent comparisons of amniotic fluid injections versus traditional hyaluronic treatments and shows the favored option to be the amniotic fluid treatment. While the preferred treatment option of receiving hyaluronic (HA) injections has been the standard for years, it still proves to be inconclusive as to whether there are any actual beneficial effects on the osteoarthritis condition. Furthermore, studies show that curcumin is an excellent complementary treatment for arthritis, as a natural remedy for inflammation. Amniotic fluid injections present an excellent option for the treatment of osteoarthritis. As more research is presented we will better understand the mechanisms of success behind these treatments. Regenerative medicine is proving to be a key component of patient care and successful outcomes for conditions that have had little progress in recent decades. As confidence in these treatment options increases we will see treatments like amniotic fluid and amniotic tissue injections become the front-line therapy of choice in main stream medical practice.

What is Dental implants? A dental implant is a titanium post (like a tooth root) that is surgically positioned into the jawbone beneath the gum line that allows your dentist to place Dental implants are fixed and do not require support from the adjacent teeth, unlike bridges or dentures.When it comes to replacing your missing teeth, you have a few different options. The most popular nowadays seem to be dental implants. Unfortunately, dental implants have certain requirements that not every patient can meet. Some of the disadvantages of dental implants are: 1. Dental Implants are Costly The first and most major disadvantage of dental implants is that they are costly. A full mouth of dental implants from Eastwood Family Dental Centre can cost you tens of thousands of dollars while a single implant can cost a few thousand. Mostly your Dental Insurance won’t cover them. 2. Dental Implants Require a Surgery for Placement Another major disadvantage of dental implants is that they require surgery to be placed. You might think this is a big deal but surgery is always a health risk. The complication rate is just an average 5 to 10%. The risks and complications you are taking for dental implants include infection, damage to other teeth, delayed bone healing, nerve damage, prolonged bleeding, jaw fractures and more 3. You Might Need to Replace Your Restorations Although dental implants can last you for life, the restorations that you attach to them may not. Another disadvantage of dental implants is that you may need to replace your restorations down the line which can be quite costly. Dental crowns and dental bridges are made of porcelain which can typically last you for the rest of your life with proper care. This means that you brush and floss regularly and avoid doing any physical damage to your teeth. 4. Bone Loss Around Your Implants Another factor that you might want to consider before opting for dental implants is this one major disadvantage. Although dental implants can help you maintain bone mass in your jaw, it is still common to lose bone around your implants. This is from normal bone loss over years. If you lose too much bone, you may need to have your dental implant replaced. 5. Dental Implants Take a Long Time to Heal If you are looking for instant results for your missing teeth, dental implants aren’t going to be your solution. A major disadvantage of dental implants is that they take a long time to heal. To start, our dentist must first ensure you have enough bone mass in your jaw to have the implants placed in the first place. If you don’t, you will need a bone graft surgery. If you need any teeth extracted, that will also need to be done in advance. The healing process can take anywhere from 3 to 18 months to heal. If you don’t have patience, dental implants probably aren’t the right dental treatment for you. 6. Dental Implants Have a Chance of Failing Every patient who receives dental implants risks the chance that their dental implants will fail. If you do choose to have dental implant surgery, it’s important to get them from a highly skilled and trained dentist for smaller fail risks. You can consider these 4 alternatives of dental implant- 1. Fixed Bridge Dental crowns, Credits: pixabay A fixed bridge that is supported by natural teeth is the most frequently used alternative to an implant-supported restoration, particularly if only a single tooth needs to be restored. With a fixed bridge, the teeth either side of the gap are crowned. These anchor teeth are also called abutment teeth. The replacement tooth is called a pontic and this is fixed in between the two crowns. Fixed bridges can be made from gold or other precious metal alloys, or from porcelain. Sometimes a fixed bridge is made from a combination of these materials as for example it may have a precious metal alloy substructure that is covered up with porcelain to create a natural looking appearance. This option has several disadvantages compared to implants. A dental implant is self-supporting, but a tooth-supported bridge’s abutment teeth need to be ground down in preparation for dental crowns. These teeth may be strong and disease-free, and removing healthy tooth structure is not desirable. Additionally, supporting a replacement tooth places these teeth under stress. Once this healthy tooth structure is removed, there is a greater risk of these abutment teeth eventually becoming decayed and infected. With a dental implant, the bone surrounding the implant post is stimulated, just as it would be with a normal tooth root. The bone underneath the tooth-supported bridge doesn’t receive this stimulation and will gradually deteriorate and reabsorb. This can affect the appearance of the dental bridge and your smile. A fixed bridge also requires more maintenance and care compared to a single dental implant and it may not last as long as an implant-supported bridge. All types of tooth restorations need replacing periodically, regardless of whether they are supported by dental implants or natural teeth. Advantages of a Tooth-Supported Fixed Bridge The most advanced porcelains closely replicate the shades and translucencies found in natural teeth. If the abutment teeth are already decayed, discolored or oddly shaped, covering them up with a tooth-supported fixed bridge can improve their appearance. The procedure for a tooth-supported fixed bridge is very straightforward andeconomical,  treatment is typically completed within a couple of weeks, which is significantly quicker than dental implant treatment. 2) Removable Partial Denture removable partial denture, Credits: foter A partial denture is a removable dental appliance that can be held in place by the adjacent teeth or with clasps that fit around existing teeth. Some partial dentures have precision attachments, where an attachment on the denture will clip onto an attachment in a crown or bridge. Partial dentures can be made from acrylic and may be strengthened with a Cobalt chrome base. This option is less invasive as there is no need for the adjacent teeth to be ground down, but it is nowhere near as stable as implants, which may affect your ability to eat and speak. A partial denture is considerably less expensive, but it will not provide the same aesthetic results or functionality compared to an implant-supported tooth. Bone loss in the jaw can affect the stability of the partial denture, and the adjacent teeth. Advantages of a Removable Partial Denture A removable partial denture is the most affordable option and will do a reasonable job at hiding the gap in between your teeth and restoring your ability to smile and talk with confidence. A well-designed partial denture could help improve your speech, and it’s often possible to add false teeth to this denture if you happen to lose more teeth. The technique to make and fit one is minimally invasive. If it includes clasps or a precision attachment then your dentist may need to adapt these teeth accordingly in order to ensure the clasps fit snugly or that a tooth can be crowned to fit the precision attachment. 3. A removable complete denture removable dentures, Credits: pixabay A removable complete denture is supported by the gums, resting on the area that used to hold your natural teeth. It is a low-cost and non-invasive alternative to dental implant restoration, but complete dentures can often be uncomfortable and unstable. They are frequently quite large and bulky, particularly upper dentures that cover up the upper palate. This can affect your ability to taste food properly, and your choice of foods will be more limited, as certain foods cannot be chewed properly with dentures. Dentures do tend to move around slightly during eating, speaking, and even when smiling or yawning. Improving denture retention with denture adhesives only offers a temporary solution. This continual movement can create sore spots on your gums. The pressure created by dentures resting on the gums can accelerate bone loss. Denture wearers often find they will make a clicking sound when they talk. Advantages of a Removable Complete Denture A complete denture is a quick and cost-effective way to help boost your self-confidence and to immediately improve appearance. It replaces teeth that may have been missing, worn down or decayed, and a properly designed complete denture will provide the correct amount of support for the muscles in the cheeks and lips. Theyhelps to maintain your facial structure if you have been missing teeth for many years. Missing teeth can allow the cheeks and lips to collapse inwards, an effect that is immediately aging. 4) Resin-Bonded Bridgeor Maryland bridge Crowns, Credits: foter This type of bridge is only really suitable for replacing front teeth, and where they do not come under excessive stress due to biting and chewing. A Maryland bridge has solid wings whereas a Rochette bridge has holes drilled into the wings. This allows it to stick to the adjacent teeth more easily. A resin-bonded bridge has wings that fit onto the inner or lingual surfaces of the teeth adjacent to the gap. These wings are then attached to the replacement tooth or pontic. Any preparation of these teeth is usually minimal, but your dentist may need to remove a small amount of tooth enamel in order to help the bridge adhere a little better. It can be made from metal alloy and where the pontic is covered with porcelain, or it can be made from an all-ceramic material such as zirconia. This type of bridge can be a good alternative to a removable denture but it isn’t as strong as a fixed bridge. If you happen to bite down too hard then teeth might get dislodged and will need to be re-cemented by your dentist. A resin-bonded bridge will not last nearly as long as implants. Advantages of a Resin-Bonded Bridge This type of bridge is cheaper and less invasive than a tooth-supported fixed bridge, where the teeth adjacent to the gap would need to be substantially ground down. It will restore your smile and your ability to speak and eat comfortably and ensures the shape of your face is maintained.

Throw out your back is an informal term used when there is back pain. It could happen due to sudden lifting of a heavy object or in correct posture. The most common cause of back pain is muscle spasms. An awkward movement of the back can lead to a severe muscle spasm. The muscle spasm causes the back to “cramp” and can cause severe pain. Learn the mobility exercises to reduce your back pain. 1. Child’s Pose a woman stretching, Credits: Foter This traditional yoga pose works your gluteus maximus, hamstrings, and spinal extensors. It helps to relieve pain and tension all along your spine, neck, and shoulders. Its relaxing effect on your body also helps to loosen up tight lower back muscles, promoting flexibility and blood circulation along the spine. To do Child’s Pose, follow these steps: With your hands and knees on the ground, sink back through your hips to rest them on your heels. Hinge at your hips as you fold forward, walking your hands out in front of you. Rest your belly on your thighs. Extend your arms in front of or alongside your body with your palms facing up. Focus on breathing deeply and relaxing any areas of tension or tightness. Hold this pose for up to 1 minute. 2. Knee-to-Chest Stretch woman stretching, Credits: Foter This stretch relaxes your hips, thighs, and glutes while promoting overall relaxation. To do a knee-to-chest stretch, follow these steps: Lie on your back with both knees bent and your feet flat on the floor. Keep your left knee bent or extend it straight out along the floor. Draw your right knee into your chest, clasping your hands behind your thigh or at the top of your shinbone. Lengthen your spine all the way down to your tailbone and avoid lifting your hips. Breathe deeply, releasing any tension. Hold this pose for 1 to 3 minutes. Repeat with the other leg. 3. Piriformis Stretch women stretching, Credits: Foter This stretch works your piriformis muscle, which is found deep in your buttocks. Stretching this muscle relieves pain and tightness in your buttocks and lower back. To do a piriformis stretch, follow these steps: Lie on your back with both knees bent and your feet flat on the floor. Place your right ankle at the base of your left thigh. Then, place your hands behind your left thigh and pull up towards your chest until you feel a stretch. Hold this position for 1 to 3 minutes. Then do the opposite side. 4. Seated Spinal Twist a woman stretching, Credits: Foter This classic twist works your hips, glutes, and back. It increases mobility in your spine and stretches your abdominals, shoulders, and neck. The pressure of this stretch also stimulates your internal organs. To do a seated spinal twist, follow these steps: Sit on the edge of a cushion with both legs extended out in front. Bend your right knee and place your foot to the outside of your left thigh. Bend your left leg, placing your foot near your right thigh. Lift your arms up with your palms facing each other. Starting at the base of your spine, twist to the right side. Place your right hand behind you for support. Place your left arm around your right leg as though you’re hugging it, or bring your upper arm to the outside of your thigh. Hold this pose for up to 1 minute. Repeat on the other side. 5. Pelvic Tilt The Pelvic Tilt stretches your abdominal and back muscles and increases the flexibility of your hips. Pelvic tilts build strength in your abdominal muscles, which helps relieve pain and tightness in your lower back. They also have a beneficial effect on your glutes and hamstrings. To do a pevlic tilt, follow these steps: Lie on your back with both knees bent and feet flat on the floor. Engage your abdominal muscles as you flatten your back against the floor. Breathe normally, holding this position for up to 10 seconds. Release and take a few deep breaths to relax. Do 1 to 3 sets of 3 to 5 repetitions. 6. Cat-Cow Stretch women in cat-cow stretch, Credits: Foter It strengthens your back and abdominal muscles. The cat-cow stretch is a great way to wake up your spine while also stretching your shoulders, neck, and chest. To do the cat-cow stretch, follow these steps: Come onto all fours in a tabletop position (hands and knees on the ground). Press into your hands and feet as you inhale to look up, allowing your belly to fill with air. Exhale, tucking your chin into your chest and arching your spine toward the ceiling. Continue this pattern of movement, moving with each breath. Do this for 1 to 2 minutes. 7. Sphinx Stretch or Cobra Pose a woman in cobra pose, Credits: Foter The sphinx stretch is a gentle backbend that allows you to be both active and relaxed. This baby backbend stretches and strengthens your spine, buttocks, and chest. To do the sphinx stretch, follow these steps: Lie on your stomach with your elbows underneath your shoulders and your hands extended in front, palms facing down. Set your feet slightly apart. It’s okay for your big toes to touch. Gently engage your lower back, buttocks, and thighs as you lift your head and chest. Stay strong in your lower back and abdominals, breathing deeply. Press your pelvis into the floor. Gaze straight ahead or gently close your eyes. Hold this pose for 1 to 3 minutes. 8. Side Stretch a woman side stretching, Credits: Foter The Side Stretch stretches the muscles in your back and sides. Stand up straight with your arms at your sides and your feet shoulder-width apart. Bend your trunk sideways to the left while sliding your left hand down your thigh and reaching your right arm over your head. Hold for a count of 10. Return to starting position. Now bend your trunk sideways to the right while sliding your right hand down your thigh and reaching your left arm over your head. Hold for a count of 10. Repeat 9 more times. 9. Foam Rolling A man foam rolling, Credits: Foter Place the roller on the floor. Sit on the floor in front of the roller and lie back onto it, keeping feet flat on the floor. Gently roll forward and back, slowing down or stopping if you feel pain. (A little pressure in tender spots is OK.) If possible, sit just in front of the roller and arch your back over the roller as far as is comfortable. Hold for a few seconds. Some of the Youtube links to follow the exercise better are: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cWRZv4aAuwA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrGeTLW2Ml4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sS2yFw7T2WY

Throwing out your back is a common phrase that people use when they’re experiencing back pain, stiffness, or discomfort. But it is actually not a medical term, throwing your back out can indicate a number of ailments. If you think you may have thrown your back it, it could be one of these conditions or many others: Back spasm Muscle strain Herniated disc Broken vertebrae When you throw out your back, you’ll feel a quick onset of lower back pain. The pain may be different or worse if you have chronic lower back pain. A lot of times, this pain occurs after hard work, such as lifting heavy objects, or an injury. Throwing out your back can keep you from your regular activities for several days. You may wonder if you need to seek emergency attention. Symptoms of A Thrown Out Back Include: woman with lower back pain, Credits: pexels muscle spasms when at rest or active lower back pain that originates from around the buttocks and does not go into the legs stiffness in the lower back limited range of motion in the back inability to maintain normal posture due to either pain or stiffness back pain that lasts for about 10–14 days Causes a woman lifting weight, Credits: pexels The most likely cause of throwing out the back is a strained muscle. It is possible to strain the back muscles due to: sudden twisting overstretching poor posture attempting to lift objects that are too heavy In addition to muscle strains, a thrown out back may be the result of damage to other parts of the back, including: blood vessels ligaments other connective tissue Risk Factors man lifting weights, Credits: pexels Lack of exercise: frail, unused muscles Age: around the 30 – 40year age range, back pain becomes more prevalent Excess pounds: carrying extra weight puts extra stress on the back Improper lifting: using your back instead of your legs can cause pain Poor posture: sitting at a desk with poor posture can lead to lower back pain Smoking: can keep the body from distributing nutrients to the discs in our backs Diseases and sicknesses: some types of cancers, arthritis, blood clots, kidney infections, kidney stones and bone loss can contribute to back pain Psychological conditions: people prone to anxiety and depression have an increased risk of lower back pain What to Do if You Throw Your Back Out? Pain killers, Credits: pexels According to the NINDS, a person can take some steps at home to help reduce acute back pain, such as: Using hot or cold packs: Warmth can relax the muscles, and cold helps prevent and reduce swelling. Both hot and cold packs can help alleviate pain. Taking over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers: Taking analgesics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil), for a short period may reduce pain and swelling. Avoiding prolonged bed rest: It is important to keep mobile and do light activity. Lightly stretching the back: Gently stretching the muscles, under the direction of a healthcare professional, may help relieve tension. Avoid certain activities if they have thrown out their back. These include like activities that involve sudden twists of the back, such as golf, lifting heavy objects, and exercises that put a strain on the back. Prevention women excercising, Credits: pexels You might avoid back pain or prevent its recurrence by improving your physical condition and learning and practicing proper body mechanics. To keep your back healthy and strong: Regular low-impact aerobic activities — those that don’t strain or jolt your back — can increase strength and endurance in your back and allow your muscles to function better. Walking and swimming are good choices. Talk with your doctor about which activities you might try. Build muscle strength and flexibility. Abdominal and back muscle exercises, which strengthen your core, help condition these muscles so that they work together like a natural corset for your back. Maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight strains back muscles. If you’re overweight, trimming down can prevent back pain. Quit smoking. Smoking increases your risk of low back pain. The risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked per day, so quitting should help reduce this risk. Treatments for Back Pain in Pregnancy pregnant woman, Credits: pexels During pregnancy you may feel lower back pain due to incorrect posture, hormonal changes, increased weight etc. There are many things you can do to treat low back pain or make it rarer and milder: Exercise- Regular exercise strengthens muscles and boosts flexibility. That can ease the stress on your spine. Safe exercises for most pregnant women include walking, swimming, and stationary cycling. Your doctor or physical therapist can recommend exercises to strengthen your back and abdomen. Heat and Cold- Applying heat and cold to your back may help. If your health care provider agrees, start by putting cold compresses (such as a bag of ice or frozen vegetables wrapped in a towel) on the painful area for up to 20 minutes several times a day. After two or three days, switch to heat — put a heating pad or hot water bottle on the painful area. Be careful not to apply heat to your abdomen during pregnancy. Improve your posture. Slouching strains your spine. So using proper posture when working, sitting, or sleeping is a good move. For example, sleeping on your side with a pillow between the knees will take stress off your back. When sitting at a desk, place a rolled-up towel behind your back for support; rest your feet on a stack of books or stool and sit up straight, with your shoulders back. Wearing a support belt may also help.

What are Minerals? The World Health Organization (WHO) note that essential nutrients and minerals in your Diet are crucial in supporting a person’s reproduction, good health, and growth. The WHO divide these essential nutrients into two categories: micronutrients and macronutrients. Six essential nutrients include- protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins, minerals in your diet and water. Minerals are the second type of micronutrients. There are two groups of minerals: major and trace minerals. The body needs a balance of minerals in your diet from both groups for optimal health. Major minerals in your diet: magnesium calcium phosphorus sulfur sodium potassium chloride Major minerals help the body to do the following: balance water levels maintain healthy skin, hair, and nails improve bone health Trace minerals are: iron selenium zinc manganese chromium copper iodine fluoride molybdenum The right composition of body fluids, including blood, and of tissues, bones, teeth, muscles, and neurons need minerals. Minerals also help to keep the nerve healthy, regulate muscle tone and support a healthy cardiovascular system. Like vitamins, minerals also function as coenzymes that allow the body to perform its biochemical functions including: energy production growth healing proper utilization of vitamins and other nutrients The human body must have a proper chemical balance that depends on the levels of different minerals in your diet the body and in the ratios of certain mineral levels to one another. If an imbalance is created, a chain reaction of imbalances can begin that may lead to disease or illness. Macrominerals Calcium Milk, Credits: pexels Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body. It makes up 1.5-2% of our body weight, with bones making up about 99% of the body’s calcium content. Function of calcium is to build and maintain healthy bones and teeth; however, it is also involved in much of the body’s enzyme activity as well as regulation of cardiovascular function. It is recommended that all individuals consume about 1000 mg. of elemental calcium daily, which is the 100% recommended daily value for this nutrient. Source of calcium- is dairy products, making it imperative that individuals on a dairy free diet incorporate supplemental calcium into their diet. Some plant foods are also rich in calcium, such as tofu, kale, spinach, turnip greens and members of the cabbage family. Calcium from spinach, however, is poorly absorbed. Sardines also serve as a very good source. Calcium deficiency can lead to rickets (a bone deformity disease) and growth retardation in children. In adults, deficiency can lead to osteoporosis, poor bone density, muscle spasms, leg cramps and cardiovascular irregularities. Magnesium vegetables, Credits: pexels Magnesium is involved in more biochemical functions than any other mineral in the body. Over 300 metabolic reactions involve this important nutrient so it is prudent to ensure your daily intake is sufficient. Magnesium is also extremely important in regulating heart rhythms. The recommended daily value for magnesium is 400 mg. and most dietary surveys indicate that most individuals only get 220-320 mg. per day, a suboptimal level. Function-Found in bones; needed for making protein, muscle contraction, nerve transmission, immune system health Sources-Foods rich in magnesium include green leafy vegetables, fruits and grains. Meats and dairy are less rich sources. Good magnesium sources in dietary supplements are citrate, glycinate, aspartate and oxide. There is no compelling data indicating that the different magnesium salts have any significant difference in magnesium bioavailability. Magnesium deficiency can lead to serious health consequences including cardiovascular disease. You should discuss this with your physician to make sure you are getting enough of this nutrient. Potassium Meat, Credits: pexels Potassium is a mineral necessary for good health and organ function, though most individuals’ potassium requirements are met by their diet. Additional supplementation outside of the diet is NOT RECOMMENDED. This is because life-sustaining functions are regulated by potassium and upsetting the chemical balance of this nutrient can be life-threatening. For this reason, potassium is not found in significant quantities in dietary supplements. Function-Needed for proper fluid balance, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction Sources- Almost all healthy foods are high in potassium content including dairy, fish, meat, poultry, vegetables, grains, fruits, nuts, potatoes, rice and beans. Unless one has a serious health problem such as kidney or cardiovascular disease, an individual’s potassium level is generally good. Potassium should only be supplemented if prescribed by your doctor. Phosphorous Fish, Credits: pexels Phosphorous is an important macromineral in the body, but, like potassium, the diet usually supplies adequate levels. Phosphorous deficiency and the need for supplementation are rare because almost all foods are rich in this mineral, including carbonated beverages. Function- Important for healthy bones and teeth; found in every cell; part of the system that maintains acid-base balance Sources-Meat, fish, poultry, eggs, milk, processed foods (including soda pop) Sodium Salt, Credits: pexels Sodium is another mineral that is obtained from the food we eat and the salt that is used to help season our foods. Sodium deficiency is rare and most people actually have excessive levels. Individuals who have excessive levels are often advised by their physician to cut down their salt intake because excessive sodium can result in edema, high blood pressure, potassium deficiency and kidney problems. Function-Needed for proper fluid balance, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction Sources- Table salt, soy sauce; large amounts in processed foods; small amounts in milk, breads, vegetables, and unprocessed meats Microminerals (Trace) Zinc Fish, Credits: pexels Zinc is a mineral that is essential to humans and animals, and it plays several vital roles in maintaining good health. Zinc is involved in more than 200 enzymatic reactions that make up our metabolic processes. Other vital functions of zinc include: Function-maintaining growth and development. maintaining a healthy, effective immune response. supporting healthy skin and proper wound healing. supporting sexual maturation and reproduction. Sources-Zinc is found in many food sources including egg yolks, fish, meat (including fish and poultry), seafood, seeds and grains. Because zinc binds with certain foods, it is often recommended that at least some of your daily zinc supplements be taken in the evening (about two hours away from dinner) or at bedtime. Deficiency-Zinc deficiency can result in loss of taste and/or smell, delayed sexual maturation and a depressed immune response. The 100% recommended daily value for zinc is 15 mg., though many health professionals believe that is too low and recommend at least 25-30 mg. daily. Copper Whole grains, Credits: pexels Copper is an essential trace mineral in human and animal nutrition. Functions- Copper aids in the formation of various human tissues and red blood cells. It also works synergistically with zinc and vitamin C in the formation of skin protein. Deficiency-Though rare in humans, copper deficiency can prevent normal growth and development. Most individuals consume enough copper in their diets so that additional supplementation is not necessary. In fact, excessive copper intake can lead to copper toxicity and a drop in zinc and vitamin C levels. Sources-Legumes, nuts and seeds, whole grains, organ meats, drinking water Selenium Meat, Credits: pexels Selenium is an essential tract element in humans and animals. It is involved in a healthy immune system, the detoxification process and also has high antioxidant activity. It works synergistically with vitamin E and vitamin C in preventing the formation of free radicals. Sources- meat, seafood, grains Chromium Meat, Credits: pexels Chromium is an essential mineral in human nutrition, though its mechanisms are not well understood. Function-Chromium does play an important role in carbohydrate metabolism and is important in glucose regulating activities. It may be useful in type II diabetes, though more clinical trials are necessary to verify that premise. Sources-Good sources of dietary chromium are whole grains, cereals, mushrooms and meat. The 100% recommended daily value for chromium is 120 micrograms. Manganese vegetables, Credits: pexels Manganese is believed to be essential in human nutrition. Manganese deficiency in animals is well documented, but it has not been documented in humans. Function-It probably functions in enzymatic and biochemical reactions in the body. Sources-Some of the best sources of manganese are grains, nuts, vegetables and teas. Because it is believed to be necessary as a human nutrient, the recommended daily value is listed as 2 mg. Most multiple vitamin/mineral combinations contain this amount. Molybdenum vegetables, Credits: pexels Function-Molybdenum isa trace mineral required by both animals and humans to activate certain enzymes used in catabolism and detoxification processes. Sources-Molybdenum is found naturally in beans, liver, cereal grains, peas, legumes and dark green leafy vegetables. Though deficiencies in humans are very rare, individuals undergoing detoxification protocols may want to supplement with this mineral just to be sure catabolism is at its optimal levels. Molybdenum intake should not exceed 1 mg. daily. Excessive amounts can lead to gout or molybdenum poisoning. The recommended daily value is 70 micrograms. Iodine Vegetables, Credits: pexels Function-Trace amounts of iodine are vital to human nutrition by functioning primarily in assuring a healthy thyroid gland. Deficiency-An iodine deficiency can lead to goiter, a condition characterized by a grossly swollen thyroid gland. Goiter is rare these days because most people consume enough iodine by using iodized salt in their diet. Sources-Other foods high in iodine content include seafood, kelp, asparagus, spinach, mushrooms, Swiss chard, turnip greens and sesame seeds. The daily requirement for iodine is 0.15 milligrams and most multiple vitamin/mineral products contain that amount. Individuals on a low sodium diet may not consume enough iodized salt to get their daily requirement, so those individuals will need to make sure they take a supplement or eat iodine rich foods. Iron Meat, Credits: pexels Function-Iron is essential in the human diet for the respiration process, the transport of oxygen in the blood and in the oxygenation of red blood cells. It is estimated that 25% of the world’s population is iron deficient. Iron deficiency often leads to anemia, tissue inflammation and fatigue. Even so, iron supplementation is not recommended unless one is diagnosed as anemic. If you are not anemic, you should choose a vitamin/mineral supplement without iron or one that contains low amounts. The 100% recommended daily value for iron is 18 milligrams (27 milligrams for pregnant women). Those doses should not be exceeded unless prescribed by your physician. Sources-Iron rich foods include eggs, red meats, whole grains, almonds, avocados, beets, and Dark green leafy vegetables. Iron found in breads, milk and cereals are not well absorbed. Fluoride Fish, Credits: pexels Function- Involved in formation of bones and teeth; helps prevent tooth decay Sources- Drinking water, fish, most teas

What are Nutrients? The World Health Organization (WHO) note that essential nutrients are crucial in supporting a person’s reproduction, good health, and growth. The WHO divide these essential nutrients sources into two categories: micronutrients and macronutrients. Six essential nutrients include- protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins, minerals and water. Nutrients sources can be classified into macronutrients and micronutrients ‘Macro’ means large; as their name suggests these are nutrients which people need to eat regularly and in a fairly large amount. They include carbohydrates, fats, proteins, fibre and water. These substances are needed for the supply of energy and growth, for metabolism and other body functions. Macronutrients provide a lot of calories but the amount of calories provided varies, depending on the food source. Micronutrients As their name indicates (‘micro’ means small) micronutrients are substances which people need in their diet in only small amounts. These include minerals and vitamins. In this section let us learn about the macronutrients: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, water and fibre, and how they nourish the body. Protein protein, Credits: pexels Protein is a macronutrient that every cell in the body needs to function properly. Proteins carry out a variety of functions, including: ensuring the growth and development of muscles, bones, hair, and skin forming antibodies, hormones, and other essential substances serving as a fuel source for cells and tissues when needed A person can take in proteins through their diet. The following foods are good sources of protein: red meats (limit their use and choose lean cuts) poultry, including chicken and turkey fish and other seafood beans and legumes eggs dairy products soy nuts some grains, including quinoa Fats fish, Credits: pexels People often associate high fat foods with bad health. However, a person needs certain fats to help maintain optimal health. Fats provide the body with energy and help it carry out a range of functions. However, it is essential to consume healthful fats, such as monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats and limit or avoid saturated and trans fats. Healthful fats help with the following functions: cell growth blood clotting building new cells reducing the risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes muscle movement balance blood sugar brain functioning mineral and vitamin absorption hormone production immune function According to recent Dietary Guidelines for Americans, a person should consume 20–35% of their calories from healthful fats. A person can find healthful fats in several foods, including: nuts fish, such as salmon and tuna vegetable oils coconut oil Carbohydrates carbohydrate, Credits: pexels Carbohydrates are essential to the body. They are sugars or starches that provide energy for all the cells and tissues in the body. There are two different types of carbohydrates: simple and complex. People should limit their intake of simple carbohydrates, such as white bread, pasta, and rice. However, the body needs complex carbohydrates to support the following: the immune system brain function the nervous system energy to perform tasks digestive function The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend a person consumes 45–65% of their daily calories from complex carbohydrates. The following foods contain complex carbohydrates: quinoa brown rice vegetables whole grain pasta, bread, and other baked goods oatmeal fruits barley People should avoid overly processed products that contain bleached, white flour, and foods with added sugar. Water Water, Credits: pexels Water is probably the most important essential nutrient that a person needs. A person can only survive a few days without consuming water. Even slight dehydration can cause headaches and impaired physical and mental functioning. The human body is made up of mostly water, and every cell requires water to function. Water helps with several functions, including: flushing toxins out shock absorption transporting nutrients sources preventing constipation lubrication hydration The best source for water is to drink natural, unsweetened water from the tap or bottled sources. For people who do not like the taste of plain water, they can add a squeeze of lemon or other citrus fruits. Fibre Fibre, Credits: pixabay Fibre is a mixture of different carbohydrates which are not digested like other nutrients sources but pass through the gut nearly unchanged. Foods rich in fibre are ‘kocho’; vegetables like cabbage, ‘kosta’, carrots, cassava; fruits like banana and avocado; peas and beans; whole-grain cereals like wheat flour and refined maize or sorghum. Including fibre in the diet Fibre should be included in the diet for the following reasons: Fibre makes food bulky or bigger — this can help a person who is overweight to eat less food Fibre makes the faeces soft and bulky; this can help prevent constipation Fibre slows the absorption of nutrients sources, so it helps nutrients to enter the blood stream slowly. This is important for patients with diabetes mellitus. Lets learn about the micronutrients now- Vitamins Fruits, Credits: pexels Vitamins are micronutrients that offer a range of health benefits, including: boosting the immune system helping prevent or delay certain cancers, such as prostate cancer strengthening teeth and bones aiding calcium absorption maintaining healthy skin helping the body metabolize proteins and carbs supporting healthy blood aiding brain and nervous system functioning Fat soluble vitamins are: vitamin A vitamin D vitamin E vitamin K Water soluble vitamins are: vitamin B-1 (thiamine) vitamin B-12 (cyanocobalamin) vitamin B-6 vitamin B-2 (riboflavin) vitamin B-5 (pantothenic acid) vitamin B-3 (niacin) vitamin B-9 (folate, folic acid) vitamin B-7 (biotin) vitamin CVitaminsFunctionFood sourcesVitamin ANight vision Healing epithelial cells Normal development of teeth and bonesBreastmilk, tomatoes, cabbage, lettuce, pumpkins Mangoes, papaya, carrots Liver, kidney, egg yolk, milk, butter, cheese creamVitamin DNeeded for absorption of calcium from small intestines Calcification of the skeletonUltra violet light from the sun Eggs, butter, fish Fortified oils, fats and cerealsVitamin KFor blood clottingGreen leafy vegetables Fruits, cereals, meat, dairy productsB complexMetabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fatsMilk, egg yolk, liver, kidney and heart Whole grain cereals, meat, whole bread, fish, bananasVitamin CPrevention of scurvy Aiding wound healing Assisting absorption of ironFresh fruits (oranges, kiwi, mango, grapefruits, lemons) Minerals vegetables, Credits: pexels Minerals are the second type of micronutrients. There are two groups of minerals: major and trace minerals. The body needs a balance of minerals from both groups for optimal health. Major minerals are: magnesium calcium phosphorus sulfur sodium potassium chloride Major minerals help the body to do the following: balance water levels maintain healthy skin, hair, and nails improve bone health Trace minerals are: iron selenium zinc manganese chromium copper iodine fluoride molybdenum Trace minerals help with: strengthening bones preventing tooth decay aiding in blood clotting helping to carry oxygen supporting the immune system supporting healthy blood pressure A person can ensure they consume enough minerals by including the following foods in their diet. red meats (limit their use and choose lean cuts) seafood milk and other dairy products nuts and seeds vegetables leafy greens fruits poultry fortified bread and cereals egg yolks whole grains beans and legumesMineralsFunctionFood sourcesCalciumGives bones and teeth rigidity and strengthMilk, cheese and dairy products Foods fortified with calcium, e.g. flour, cereals. eggs, fish cabbageIronFormation of haemoglobinMeat and meat products Eggs, bread, green leafy vegetables, pulses, fruitsIodineFor normal metabolism of cellsIodised salt, sea vegetables, yogurt, cow’s milk, eggs, and cheese Fish; plants grown in iodine-rich soilZincFor children to grow and develop normally; for wound healingMaize, fish, breastmilk, meat, beansFluorineHelps to keep teeth strongWater