Farmer’s lung is a common allergic disease that may result from inhaling, dust, mold, hay, corn, grain, and animal dander. There is no cure to this disease which may lead to respiratory hazards in the person suffering from the disease. Here are some tips that can prevent you from developing farmer’s lung disease: ⦁ Limit your exposure Limiting your exposure to dusty or moldy environments can prevent you from farmer’s lung disease. The length of time you will stay in an environment contaminated with molds or tiny dust particles may increase the severity of the risk of developing the disease. ⦁ Wear protective gear PPE kit, Image credits: pixabay If you need to work in an environment that is prone to dust, molds, or fungal spores, try wearing a piece of protective equipment or gear. Wearing a protective mask can prevent the molds or spores from entering into your lungs. Ask your employer to provide proper protective equipment. ⦁ Implement preventive techniques Preventive technique to avoid molds, Image credits: pixabay Preventive techniques may help keep the mold away from proliferating in an agricultural environment. This may include drying the harvested crops completely prior to storage, wetting the grains before moving to prevent the excess release of dust, and using mold inhibitors to prevent crops from getting mold. ⦁ Avoid unsafe work environments Many people often return to their work after being diagnosed with an acute or sub-acute farmer’s lung episode. But a person with chronic farmer’s lung is recommended to avoid or leave such work environments unless they are provided with proper safety equipment and risk reduction techniques. Chronic farmer’s lungs can pose serious problems which can lead to permanent breathing problems, disability, and even death. ⦁ Get immediate help in case of emergency consult your doctor immediately, Image credits: pixabay In case of an emergency where you find difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, fever, and chills, and lung congestion try seeking immediate medical health without waiting for a doctor’s appointment to diagnose the farmer’s lung. Acute bronchitis ICD-10 The World Health Organization has classified ICD-10 code J20 for Acute bronchitis. It is a medical classification as listed by WHO under the range – Diseases of the respiratory system.

Have you heard of a disease called Farmer’s lung? Farmer’s lung is so-called because the disease is commonly found to affect the lungs of the farmer. Farmer’s, when they are attacked by various allergens like mold spores, dust, straw, or grain can cause severe allergic reactions leading to serious respiratory hazards. What is Farmer’s lung? Farmer’s lung disease is a non-infectious allergic lung disease and is a type of hypersensitivity pneumonitis that is caused by inhaling mold spores present in the air from moldy hay, straw, or grain. The disease is found to disrupt the normal functioning of the lungs which involves inhalation of oxygen and exhalation of carbon dioxide. Symptoms Sudden shortness of breath Chronic cough and lung congestion. A general feeling of tiredness. Tightness in the chest The symptoms are similar to acute bronchitis, which is classified as J20 under ICD-10 code for acute bronchitis. The code is a medical classification of the diseases of the respiratory system. Read Also: Five Most Common Types Of Nutritional Deficiencies In The World What Causes Farmer’s Lung disease? Farmer’s lung is an allergic reaction to tiny particles that are suspended in the air. These small particles when inhaled can give rise to farmer’s lungs. Some of these particles include: Animal dander Pollen grains Moldy hay or straws Bird droppings Feathers Fungal spores Husks Insects Wood particles Diagnosis Diagnosing a farmer’s lung disease is most of the time mistaken with flu and asthma. In such a case it’s important for the person to explain to the doctor that you are a farmer and have come in contact with moldy hay. Other diagnostic tests your doctor may recommend to find out if you have farmer’s lung include: Pulmonary function test: This test measures how well your lungs function. The test reveals how much air you inhale and exhale. Bronchoscopy: This is a technique used to look at the airways and lungs. The doctor may also sample fluid for testing. You will be under the influence of anesthesia throughout the whole process. Lung Biopsy: A tissue sample may be collected from your lungs for further lab tests. Treatment Farmer’s lung disease has no cure and there is only prevention for this disease. You can control the disease by Avoiding tasks that involve too much exposure to dust. Wear a piece of protective equipment or mask. Use filters, exhaust, blowers, and fans wherever you can. Your doctor may prescribe you some medications that can help with your symptoms. These medications include steroid drugs like prednisone which helps with inflammation by slowing down your immune system. Azathioprine is also prescribed as an immunosuppressant in case steroids won’t work.

People try numerous ways to maintain a healthy weight without a clear understanding of nutrition basics. Some fall prey to dangerous crash diets while others keep piling on the pounds even while eating healthily. Are you confused about striking the right balance between diet and health? The answers to these diet FAQs will satisfy most of your concerns and leave you ready to tackle all your health challenges. Frequently Asked Questions About Dieting 1. What exactly is a ‘healthy diet’? ANS: A healthy diet is essentially the one that provides your body with all the vital nutrients from a variety of nutrient-rich food items for its optimal functioning. It allows you to balance the calories you consume with the calories you burn, thus maintaining a healthy weight over time. An unequal balance of nutrients or an emphasis on one food group to the exclusion of others deprives your body of essential conditions and leads to various health conditions. 2. How can I modify my existing diet to make it more healthy? unhealthy and healthy food, Image credits: Pixabay ANS: Following these few easy rules will put you on the track of healthy eating. ⦁ Reduce the number of salts, sugars, and fats in your existing diet. ⦁ Increase the number of natural food items like fruits, vegetables, nuts, and grains. ⦁ Ensure that your meals have the right balance of the three major macronutrients, i.e., proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. 3. How are calories related to healthy eating? ANS: Many people believe that the fewer calories they’ll eat, the less they’ll weigh. But calories should not be looked at in this way. Calories are needed by the body to serve and perform daily activities. Only when calories are consumed, more than what is required is when it begins to harm your body. Some highly nutritious foods like nuts, seeds, and starchy vegetables are also high in calories. That does not mean that you should stop consuming them. On the contrary, you should make them a part of your diet by eating them in moderate amounts. 4. Should I avoid carbohydrates and sugars rich food? Processed foods, Image credits: Pixabay ANS: Carbohydrates are the principal source of energy for our bodies. Carbohydrates found in fruits, vegetables, and grains take time to get digested by our bodies. Hence they keep us full for longer. But processed carbohydrates found in packaged foods like bread, candy, etc. make our blood sugar unstable and leave us feeling more hungry than before. It is these types of carbohydrates that should be avoided. Similarly, the natural sugar found in fruits and vegetables like potatoes does not harm you while added sugar found in cakes, pastries, and cold drinks is what leads to health issues. 5. What is the difference between a ‘portion’ and a ‘serving’ of food? ANS. A ‘portion’ is the amount of a particular food that you eat. For example, a plate of pasta. A serving size refers to the amount of that pasta that is recommended to be eaten in one meal. It is generally found under the nutrition facts in the label of any food item. 6. What is the importance of fiber in a healthy diet? Fiber-rich food, Image credit: Pixabay ANS: Fibre plays an essential role in the digestion of food. Apart from this, it also helps to prevent heart diseases, manage diabetes, and keep your blood sugar levels stable. The recommended intake of fiber for those up to 50 years of age is 25 grams per day for women and 38 grams for men. Fiber can be found in foods like oatmeal, cereals, vegetables, and fruits. 7. How many glasses of water should I drink per day? ANS: More than 70% of our body is water, and so we need to be well-hydrated to function optimally. But it does not mean that you need to gulp huge quantities of water every day. Drink 8 ounces of water each day to keep yourself hydrated and full.

What is Chondroitin Sulfate? Chondroitin sulfate is found in the connective tissues of the body, specifically in the cartilage around the joints of the body. It is manufactured from animal sources like shark and cow cartilage. Benefit of chondroitin sulfate is used for treating osteoarthritis. This supplement is usually used in combination with human manganese ascorbate, hyaluronic acid, glucosamine sulfate, glucosamine hydrochloride, or N-acetyl glucosamine. How Does Chondroitin Sulfate Work? Chondroitin sulfate exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the synthesis of various inflammatory intermediates like nitric oxide synthase and prostaglandin E2. It also inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines production. What are the Uses of Chondroitin Sulfate? Chondroitin Sulfate may be quite effective for Cataracts Osteoarthritis Cataracts Chondroitin sulfate in cataract surgeries, Credits: pixabay During cataract surgery, an injection that is a mixture of chondroitin sulfate and sodium hyaluronate seems to protect the eyes. Some preliminary studies point that the combination and benefits of chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronate seems to reduce the eye pressure and improve overall eye health, once the cataract is removed. The effect of chondroitin sulfate alone on cataract surgery is not validated clearly. Osteoarthritis Chondroitin sulfate in Osteoarthritis treatment, Credits: pixabay Chondroitin sulfate has been recommended in the guidelines published by the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) for the management of knee Osteoarthritis. Chondroitin sulfate via oral consumption (for up to six months) has been shown to improve joint pain and function in patients with osteoarthritis. The specific products that are used to treat osteoarthritis include Chondrosulf (IBSA Institut Biochimique SA), Chondrosan (Bioibérica, S.A.), and Structrum (Laboratoires Pierre Fabre). Other evidence demonstrates that this supplement also slows the progression of osteoarthritis when consumed for two years. Chondroitin sulfate is also used in combination with glucosamine to slow the progression of osteoarthritis. In the Early Stages of Research It has been shown that chondroitin sulfate is effective in certain other disease conditions. However, the studies are in the early stages and a clear conclusion cannot be drawn. Dry Eyes Chondroitin sulfate eye drops either alone or in combination with xanthan gum has been effective in treating dry eyes. The results are yet to be validated on large scale studies. Gastritis Chondroitin sulfate against Gastritis, Credits: pixabay Some studies point out that a liquid containing chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid reduces the abdominal pain in people with gastritis. Kashin-Beck disease This disorder affects the bones and joints, in people with selenium deficiency (Kashin-Beck disease). Some early evidence indicates that benefits of chondroitin sulfate with or without glucosamine hydrochloride can reduce pain in people with Kashin-Beck disease. The combination of these supplements is shown to slow joint space narrowing in people with this bone disease. Heart Attack Chondroitin sulfate against heart attack, Credits: pixabay Oral intake of chondroitin sulfate is shown to reduce the risk of a first or recurrent heart attack. Urinary Tract Infections Early stages of research show that administering a solution of chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid into the bladder through a catheter can reduce the number of urinary tract infections in women with a history of UTIs. Chondroitin sulfate can also be partially effective for persistent heartburn, cholesterol, wrinkled skin, psoriasis, and urinary incontinence. Dosage Recommendations of Chondroitin Sulfate Dosages of Chondroitin Sulfate, Credits: pixabay Oral consumption The dosage of chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis is 800 to 2000mg as a single dose or in two or three divided doses daily for up to three years. Chondroitin sulfate cream for osteoarthritis A cream containing 50 mg/gram of chondroitin sulfate, 30 mg/gram of glucosamine sulfate, 140 mg/gram of shark cartilage, and 32 mg/gram of camphor has been used as needed for sore joints for up to 8 weeks. Muscle Injection For osteoarthritis, chondroitin sulfate (Matrix) has been injected into the muscle daily or twice weekly for 6 months. UTI 50 mL of a specific solution containing chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid (iAluRil, IBSA Farmaceutici), has been inserted into the bladder once weekly for 4 weeks, and then once or twice monthly for up to 5 months. Side Effects of Chondroitin Sulfate Vomiting, Credits: pixabay Oral consumption of chondroitin sulfate is shown to be safe for up to six years. Some of the side effects of this supplement include stomach pain, nausea, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, headache, swollen eyelids, leg swelling, hair loss, skin rash, and irregular heartbeat. Since chondroitin sulfate is manufactured from animal sources, care must be taken during the manufacturing practices and any contamination with disease animal tissues should be monitored clearly. Contraindications Chondroitin Sulfate-No to asthma patients, Credits: pixabay Chondroitin sulfate should not be used by pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers. In people with asthma, blood clotting disorders, and prostate cancer, this supplement is shown to worsen the disease and hence should be avoided. If you are taking warfarin, you must not use this supplement as it can cause bruising and bleeding. Take-Home Message: Chondroitin sulfate can stimulate cartilage growth and may be used to treat osteoarthritis.

Arthritis can be painful. A disease that affects your everyday life and leaves you feeling like a lesser version of yourself. We used to associate this disease with old age but now more and more young people are also falling prey to its clutches. Being a disease with no permanent cure, the answer lies entirely in its management. And to do that effectively, you need knowledgde. These common FAQ’s about arthritis should help you go a long way in understanding the disease and it’s management. 1. What is Arthritis? Arthritis is a disease that affects the joints like knees, wrists, ankles, and hips or tissues around the joint. There are more than 100 types of arthritis. 2. What are the Most Common Types of Arthritis? Osteoarthritis is common in older people, Image credits: pixabay Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. It is also called wear-and-tear arthritis. During older age, people develop osteoarthritis at the hips, knees, base of the thumb, and tips of the fingers. The other arthritis is inflammatory arthritis, which is autoimmune. The main types of inflammatory arthritis are rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and fibromyalgia. In these diseases, our immune system attacks the body’s joints. Gout comes under crystalline arthritis, which mainly affects the big toe. 3. Who Are Most Affected? Arthritis affects people of all ages, sex and races. Women are at higher risk for inflammatory arthritis, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. On the contrary, gout is common in males. 4. What are the Symptoms of Arthritis? Joint Swelling, Image credits: pixabay The symptoms may vary according to arthritis type. In one or more joints, most kinds of arthritis can induce rigidity, redness, and swelling. There can be a sudden onset in the symptoms or it can develop gradually over time. Most people with arthritis find difficulties in climbing the stairs and opening a box. If the arthritis is left undiagnosed, it can lead to joint destruction and disability. 5. What are the Causes of Arthritis? Multiple factors are contributing to arthritis-like genes, environmental triggers, and infections. Smoking is an environmental trigger for rheumatoid arthritis. Infections can cause arthritis. Gout is caused by the deposition of uric acid in the joints. 6. What is the Prevalence of Arthritis in India? It is estimated that 54.4 million US adults have arthritis. The prevalence of osteoarthritis in India is 22 to 39%. Nearly 45% of women over the age of 65 have symptoms of osteoarthritis. The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in India is 0.92%. 7. Can Children get Arthritis? Yes, Children get arthritis. They develop arthritis called Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), also called childhood rheumatoid arthritis or juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The symptoms are similar to adult arthritis like joint pain, swelling, fever, and inflammation. Children find difficulties with their day to day activities like playing, dressing, walking, and running. Early diagnosis helps in preventing disability. 8. How is Arthritis Diagnosed? X-rays help identify the extent of joint damage, Image credits: pixabay Doctors diagnose arthritis based on a physical examination, X rays, and blood tests. As there are many different types of arthritis, diagnosing the right form of arthritis becomes highly important in managing the symptoms. Blood tests include measuring the inflammatory marker like Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C – reactive protein (CRP). If your doctor suspects you have a possibility of developing rheumatoid arthritis, he may test the levels of autoantibodies in your blood. X-rays help to identify the changes in the joints. Physiotherapy can provide symptomatic relief, Image credits: pixabay 9. How is Arthritis Treated? The main objective of the treatment is to control the symptoms, prevent joint damage, and improve the quality of life of patients. For osteoarthritis, over the counter medications, prescription medicines and cortisone injections are available. Corticosteroids are prescribed to control pain and swelling. If there is immune system dysregulation, such as in Rheumatoid arthritis, immune modulators, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) like aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen are prescribed. Physiotherapy helps relieve the symptoms of the diseases. For short term relief from pain and symptoms, heat or cold packs are used over the joints or muscles. Some people feel better when using heat, while others get better with cold packs. You can check which works for you. In extreme cases, surgery may be required. 10. What are the Preventive Measures? Though arthritis cannot be prevented, some factors are under your control. You can control your weight, avoid smoking, and prevent the risk of developing any joint injuries. When you are overweight, your joints are under pressure and mobility can be an issue. If you have joint pains, you can do mild to moderate exercises that do not harm your joints. Instead of walking, water aerobics can be done. Take-Home Message Osteoarthritis is very common and certain preventive measures help manage the disease well.

Anxiety is a condition where a person intensively, excessively and fearfully worries about their everyday life or situation. As a result, it could lead to certain physical and psychological changes in your body. Here are answers to some of the most common FAQs about anxiety: 1.  What causes or triggers anxiety? There are various causes of anxiety disorders and the complexity also differs from person to person. Some of the more common causes or triggers include: Genetics Medical factors and illness Stress due to illness or stressful environment Childhood abuse Trauma/ PTSD Learned behavior patterns Other mental health disorders 2.  What are five common types of anxiety? It can be classified into 5 main types: ● Generalized Anxiety Disorder It is an exaggerated form of anxiety and tension which is  accompanied by physical symptoms like  fatigue, headaches, muscle tension and aches, difficulty swallowing, trembling, twitching, irritability, etc. ● Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) This form of anxiety disorder causes fearful ideas and ritualistic behaviors which causes repetitive thoughts, or impulses that cause obsession. Such obsessions cause stress for the person affected.. ● Panic Disorder Such disorders cause panic attacks due to the unexpected and repeated episodes of intense fear which may also cause  chest pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, sweating, etc. ● Social Phobia (or Social Anxiety Disorder) A person suffering from this will usually feel overwhelmed, self-conscious or intimidated  by social gatherings and socializing. ● POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER A person suffering from PTSD will experience heightened fear, sadness, worry and may also become delusional. This is caused due to the exposure or experience of a traumatic event like war, accidents, death, etc. Such triggers and symptoms could become so frequent that it could compromise a person’s normal daily body functions or activities. Sleeplessness, Credit: Wallpaper Flare 3.  What are the common symptoms? They include: Sleep problems Tense or fatigue muscles Avoidance or fear of socializing Irrational thoughts or overthinking Excessive worrying Feelings of agitation or anxious Fatigue Concentration and alertness problems Overeating or eating too less Panic attacks: racing heart, feeling shaky, and shortness of breath. 4.  Natural Treatments: How to manage and cope with anxiety? These tips, if followed effectively and consistently, can help improve your anxiety. They include: Be optimistic but realistic Face your fears or worries Trust your moral compass and instincts Turning to religious or spiritual practices Seek and accept professional support Reconnect with loved ones Speak out your worries, don’t hold it in Exercise regularly Keep yourself busy to avoid overthinking Try out mediation Staying mentally sharp Work on self care and self love Find a passion or hobby Consider music therapy Breathing exercise, Credit: Pikist 5.  Is breathing a good technique to help anxiety? Yes, this technique works very well. When a person is anxious or is undergoing an anxiety attack, their breathing pace increases significantly and they start over breathing. This is bad for the body as this physiological response could increase heart rate and blood pressure. Thus, by practicing the breathing technique, it will help the person control their breathing pace which will consequently lower the heart rate and blood pressure back to its normal rate. What to do: Inhale deeply and slowly until your stomach expands to the fullest and then exhale slowly until the belly completely contracts. Repeat this until you have noticed a change in your mood and pressure. 6.  Do anxiety medications have side effects? Some side-effects include: Fatigue Drowsiness Headaches Vision problems Dizziness Memory loss Coordination and balancing problems Problems with speech an upset stomach Side effect- Drowsiness, Credit: Pxfuel 7.  What foods to avoid if you have anxiety? They following food products should be avoided if you are suffering from anxiety: Caffeine Artificial sugar Gluten Fast food Alcohol Dairy Fried food Processed food These products are avoided as they  increase episodes of anxiety and the associated symptoms. 8.  What diet helps anxiety? A Healthy and balanced diet improves brain function and will help your body recover or heal faster. Moreover,  antioxidant, anti-inflammatory compounds and minerals can also help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress. Such food products include: Nuts Fatty fish Eggs Pumpkin seed Dark chocolate Yogurt Green tea

What are Supplements? The objective of taking supplements is to get enough nutrients and enhance health. Supplements come in the form of tablets, capsules, soft gels, gel caps, powders, and liquid. They contain vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids, and enzymes. More than one-third of Americans use three common supplements. Most supplements contain fish oil, omega 3 fatty acids, and DHA. What are the Uses of Supplements? Supplements for a healthy life, Image credits: pixabay Supplements can never replace a healthy diet and it is important to consume natural foods as much as possible. Your doctor may prescribe supplements for the following purposes. 1. To help your body carry out its functions effectively 2. To help in your overall well being 3. To reduce the risk of certain diseases Remember supplements cannot prevent or cure diseases. Caution When Using Supplements Most of the supplements contain active ingredients that have strong biological effects in the body. Some can be unsafe in certain conditions and can cause health complications. Care must be taken when you combine one or more supplements, use supplements with medicines, substitute supplements for medicines. Too much of supplements can also pose risks. Also, the safety and efficacy of the dietary supplements are not reviewed by the Food and Drug Administration. It is always necessary to consult a healthcare provider about your supplements and medicines. Eight Common Supplements Used Vitamins Calcium Fish Oil Ginseng Chondroitin sulfate Selenium Zinc Melatonin 1. Vitamins Vitamin supplements, Image credits: pixabay There are multivitamin supplements available in the market. Each of the vitamins has a specific function in the body. Some of the functions of vitamins are listed below Vitamin B12- To maintain nerve and blood cells healthy and prevent anemia Folic acid, when consumed by pregnant women help reduce birth defects Vitamin D strengthens the bones and helps in the absorption of calcium Vitamin C and E prevent cell damage Vitamin A helps prevent vision loss and age-related macular degeneration So a multivitamin that is prescribed should ideally contain vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, folate, and vitamin B12. 2. Calcium Calcium is a pivotal mineral that is essential for bone development and is the building block of bones. Adults (up to the age of 50) require 1000mg of calcium per day. The recommended daily allowance of calcium for adults who are above 50 years is 1200mg per day. Calcium supplements are prescribed to women whose calcium intake is low and who have a risk of developing osteoporosis. Also, they prevent bone loss in postmenopausal women. 3. Fish Oil Fish Oil as a supplement, Image credits: pixabay Fish oil contains omega 3-fatty acids that are helpful in cardiovascular health, arthritis, inflammation, and brain functioning. They also help lower triglyceride levels, dry eyes, and psoriasis. 4. Ginseng Ginseng as a supplement, Image credits: pixabay Ginseng is a herbal medicine used in Chinese medicine. They are rich in anti-oxidants, help promote brain function, improve erectile dysfunction, and boost your immunity. They also help maintain your energy levels and lower your blood sugar. 5. Chondroitin Sulfate Chondroitin sulfate is found in joints of the human body. When it is combined with glucosamine, it can stimulate cartilage function and help prevent bone loss and osteoarthritis. 6. Selenium Selenium has antioxidant properties and protects cell damage. Selenium is available in multivitamin and multi-mineral supplements and also as a standalone supplement. The deficiency of selenium is associated with male infertility. 7. Zinc Zinc as a supplement, Image credits: pixabay Zinc promotes skin health and tends to slow down vision loss from age-related macular degeneration. Also, it controls blood sugar, improves immune function, and heart health. 8. Melatonin Melatonin is a hormone that maintains the circadian rhythm. Melatonin supplements help treat insomnia and Alzheimer’s disease. Take-Home Message Supplements help carry the vital functions of the body, but they cannot substitute healthy food.

B vitamins are critical for healthy skin and hair. One of the most essential vitamins in this group is vitamin B7, commonly known as biotin. Those who frequently complain of hair fall and hair loss usually have this essential nutrient missing from their diet. They are advised to consume a diet which is rich in biotin foods like oats, spinach, mushroom, raspberries,and egg yolk. Apart from this, taking a biotin supplement as a tablet and/or using a biotin shampoo to wash hair is said to promote hair growth. Let’s see why biotin is seen as something which is crucial for healthy hair. Biotin for Hair Growth If you find that you are suffering from hair loss and want to improve your hair health, you need to assess your diet and lifestyle first. The two most common contributors to hair loss are bad food choices and excessive stress. Often, hormonal imbalance can also hamper the quality of your hair. All this requires you to make necessary changes in your diet, but if the problem persists, consulting a medical professional would be most appropriate. Many people don’t consume adequate protein by way of their diet. Just upping the amount of protein in their diet can strengthen biotin for hair growth. Likewise, replenishing your body with vitamin B fortified foods, mainly those containing biotin can make you feel the difference in the quality of your hair over time. Regularly consuming foods rich in biotin can result in thicker and healthier hair. Some Common Biotin Foods Biotin rich foods, Credit: Pixabay Biotin can be easily incorporated into your diet by consuming these foods: Beans and legumes Egg yolks but not egg white Cereals and whole grains Vegetables like cauliflower, mushrooms, and spinach Bananas Nut butter like peanut butter and almond butter What Are the Symptoms of Biotin Deficiency? Woman with a comb, Credit: Pixabay Biotin deficiency isn’t easy to notice at the initial stages. Most people commonly ignore its symptoms. However, it would help if you become alert as soon as you begin to experience the following: Weak and thinning hair Nails that won’t grow or break easily Skin dryness Fatigue Tingling sensation in arms and legs A scaly red rash around eyes, nose, and mouth Other Ways to Include Biotin for Healthy Hair Supplement bottle, Credit: Pixabay A healthy diet is a foolproof way to nourish your hair from the inside out. Keeping biotin’s benefits in mind, many hair care brands have started formulating products with biotin as a key ingredient. You can also supplement your diet with biotin tablets, and use biotin enriched shampoos and hair masks. One of the advantages of taking a supplement is that you get a massive dose of biotin from it, which is otherwise hard to get from the diet alone. A popular biotin product that people often look up online to achieve great hair is amway biotin cherry plus. Another similar product worth mentioning is wow biotin hair tablets. Thus, we see that biotin is an essential vitamin that can improve the overall quality of your hair. But keep in mind that only centring your diet around it or relying too much on biotin supplements won’t yield you results. You need to make sure that you follow a healthy and stress-free lifestyle along with a balanced diet rich in all the essential micro and macronutrients.

We’re all prone to some degree of aches and pains and back pains are among the most common. The spine provides support and is connected to the entire body. Even so, the human anatomy is such that it’s easy to bend our backs in unnatural directions. At the same time, if our lower body muscles are not strong or balanced, the back ends up taking more load than it is designed for. Luckily, back pain is quite manageable. The key is to not let the problem persist for too long. On that note, take a look at these common FAQs about back pain. 10 Most Common FAQs about Back Pain 1. What is Back Pain? It is estimated by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke that approximately 80% of adults experience back pain at some point in time in their life. Your back is a complex structure composed of bones, muscles, nerves, and joints. Back pain is a musculoskeletal disorder and the pain can be dull and constant or sudden and sharp, making the movements difficult. The pain can become worse if you lift heavy objects. 2. What are the Common Symptoms of Back Pain? A woman suffering from back pain, Credits: pexels Back pain can be anywhere along your spine, from your neck down to your hips. The common symptoms of backache include muscle spasms, stiffness, pain that runs down your lungs, and a limited range of motions in your back. If you experience the following symptoms, you must consult your doctor immediately. 1. Unexplained weight loss 2. Backache with chest pain 3. Difficulty in moving 4. Severe backache with weakness, tingling, or numbness in the arms or legs. 5. Loss of bladder or bowel control 6. Chronic back pain increased suddenly. 7. Worse pain at night 3. What are the Main Causes of Back Pain? Most of the time back pain happens for no apparent reason which is called nonspecific back pain. Back pain can be due to disruption of the normal functioning of muscles, ligaments, or an irritated pinched nerve. In some cases, back pain can be due to a damaged spine. Conditions that are often linked to back pain include: A Slipped Disc The soft material inside an intervertebral disc can bulge or rupture and press on a nerve when compressed. This is known as sciatica if the sciatic nerve is compressed. Degenerative Disc Disease Aging causes the intervertebral discs to lose integrity and their cushioning ability. Spondylolisthesis When a vertebra slips out of place and pinches a nerve. Spinal stenosis Narrowing of the spinal column can put pressure on the spinal cord and nerves. 4. What are the Risk Factors for Back Pain? Aging causes back pain, Image credits: pexels Aging: Degenerative diseases can reduce your bone strength. As you age, there can be a decrease in muscle elasticity and tone and loss of fluid and flexibility of your intervertebral discs Overweight: Extra weight puts pressure on your spine. Smoking: Smoking cause tissue damage in your back Occupation: If your job involves heavy lifting, it can cause pressure on your low back. Also, low levels of physical activity tend to reduce muscle endurance and cause back pain. Mental Illness: Anxiety, stress, and depression can cause back pain. 5. Does Pregnancy Cause Back Pain? Yes. Back pain is common during pregnancy. As your body undergoes lots of changes during the phase, experiencing mild back pain is not an issue. During pregnancy, the ligaments become softer and stretch to prepare for the labor, causing strain on the lower back and pelvis. It is important to take rest, not lift heavy objects, avoid twisting your spine, and maintain a proper posture during your pregnancy. 6. How Can Back Pain be Diagnosed? X-rays help identify the cause of back pain, Image credits: pexels A physical examination is done. Based on your symptoms, your doctor may request any of the following investigations. 1. X-ray – X-rays help identify the alignment of your bones and whether you have arthritis, broken or displaced bones, or a tumor. 2. CT scan – CT scan generates detailed and cross-section images of the bones in your spine. Herniated discs or problems with bones, muscles, tissue, tendons, nerves, ligaments, and blood vessels can be identified. 3. MRI scan – MRIs are often used to accurately diagnose spinal disorders and to rule out spinal infections or tumors. 7. How to Treat Back Pain? The treatment depends on the severity of the issue. 1. For mild back pain, over the counter medicines like paracetamol or ibuprofen are used. 2. Heat or cold may lose tighten muscles and lessen pain 3. Surgery is recommended in 5% of the cases. If the pain was persistent, and there was nerve compression that leads to muscle weakness, surgery is an option to correct the issue. 8. Are there ways to Prevent Back Pain? Exercises help relieve back pain, Image credits: pexels Walking, running, and swimming can help avoid backache. You must ensure that you are not overdoing any activity that may increase the risk of any injuries. To prevent upper, middle, or low backache, you can try doing the following Do stretching exercises If your job involves sitting for long hours, take frequent breaks to stretch your back. Quit smoking 4. If you are overweight or obese, try reducing your weight Do not twist your spine when lifting heavy objects Always balance your weight evenly on both feet. Sleep on a firm mattress that helps keep your spine straight. 9. Despite My Back Pain, How Can I do exercises? Even if you have moderate back pain, exercises help maintain your mobility. Exercises tend to release endorphins that are the body’s natural painkillers. Stretching exercises can be done under the supervision of a trained professional. To decrease your back pain and increase the function of your back, physiotherapy is often recommended for four weeks. If that does not work, the next sets of treatments will be initiated. 10. Do Supplements Help Relieve Back Pain? Calcium and vitamin supplements for back pain, Image credits: pexels Calcium and vitamin D supplements can help maintain your bone strength. If needed, your doctor may prescribe lubricants to improve the function of joints. Take-Home Message Back pain is a common issue and having a healthy lifestyle helps prevent its complications.

Ever wondered why music changes your mood, motivates you to work, or even helps you determine a person’s personality by their choice of music? This is because there is a strong link between music and brain activity. For every movement or thought that or body makes there is always some brain function observed in some part of our brain in the FMRI scan. However, when music was turned on, there was an increase in brain activity not only in that particular area but in various parts of the brain. Researchers describe this activity as ‘fireworks’ in the brain due to the rapid and random brain activity shown in the observed scans. Why do such ‘Fireworks’ occur? On hearing, there are various parts of your brain that get activated. They include: ⦁ Corpus Callosum Connects the two hemispheres of the brain. ⦁ Sensory Cortex Tactile feedback from hearing or playing music. ⦁ Auditory Cortex Listening, perception, and analysis of sound and tones. ⦁ Hippocampus Stores the memory of music, lyrics, and musical experiences. Credit: Flickr ⦁ Visual Cortex Activated while reading music, watching a performance, or watching yourself react or dance to the beats. ⦁ Cerebellum and Motor Cortex Controls physical movements like dancing, tapping or playing an instrument. ⦁ Prefrontal Cortex Triggers creativity and satisfaction while listening to music. ⦁ Nucleus Accumbens and Amygdala Emotional response to music. Thus, it’s safe to say that music is going on all throughout the brain: the inside and outside, the front and the back, and the left and the right. The interesting part about this activity is that such an intricate and sequenced reaction takes place within the time frame of your first hearing the music and begin tapping your feet as a reaction. Credit: Pexels Effect of Music on your Brain Now there are two ways by which music can affect us: ⦁ Listening to Music ⦁ Playing an Instrument Listening to Music By listening to music can help one to relax, concentrate, or boost your energy up. This is because music affects your brain chemistry. It is capable of triggering the brain to release a chemical known as dopamine, the same chemical that makes you fall in love or gives you the “chills”. Listening to music can also help you distract yourself from your body’s physical and psychological fatigue by increasing endurance and improving your cardiac and body muscles. Credit: pexels Playing an Instrument Sure listening to music offers multiple benefits but it doesn’t stop there. When you observe a musician playing an instrument they look calm and collected on the outside but there is a party of fireworks going on inside their brains. However, this type of firework or brain activity is somewhat different as compared to the person just listening to music. The brain activity recorded while playing an instrument is equivalent to a full-body workout. Credit: Pixabay The main difference between playing and listening to music is that the former requires motor skills and thus requires more activity in that area. Since motor skills are controlled in both hemispheres of the brain, playing an instrument regularly will strengthen the volume and activity of the corpus callosum, as it is the required bridge that connects and sends signals between the two hemispheres of the brain. Thus, playing an instrument activates every area of your brain at once. So if we compare it to a workout, like any other disciplined structured practice, it will strengthen those brain functions which will in turn strengthen other functions as we all know the brain is the command center of the body. Conclusion Listening to music is not only enjoyable but also beneficial to your neurological health as it improves various body functions. So don’t think twice before increasing that volume and letting yourself enjoy that beat.

Maintaining proper oral health should be everyone’s priority. Many people ignore their dental health until the situation gets worse or they are struck with a nagging pain in some part of their oral cavity. A healthy mouth, gums, and teeth will help you smile better and give you a surge of confidence. However, many of us don’t have a dentist or an orthodontist by our side all day. In such instances, whenever we experience slight pain or discomfort in any part of our mouth we don’t know whom to turn to. Many people are also not aware of the importance of practicing good oral hygiene. So it’s necessary to throw light on some commonly asked questions dentists often get asked by confused people wanting to maintain great oral health. FAQ’s About Oral Health These general dentistry FAQs will turn you from clueless into a well-informed person! Dentist examining a patient, Image credit: Pixabay 1. Is there a need to visit the dentist regularly? ANS. It is wise to visit a dentist on a frequent basis for a dental examination. Doing so will prevent the onset of many commonly faced dental issues like cavities, tooth decay, etc. Moreover, many dental health problems are devoid of any symptoms in the earlier stages. In such a case, it becomes important to fix a timely appointment with the dentist so that you can prevent the occurrence of any such oral health condition. 2. Is there any specific type of toothpaste or toothbrush that I should be using? Toothbrush and toothpaste, Image credits: Pixabay ANS. Your toothpaste should be strong enough to kill bacteria and clear acids from your teeth. Toothpaste with fluoride is recommended for everyone. Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral in food and water that strengthens your teeth. Toothbrushes should have soft bristles that are gentle on your teeth and gums. They should be replaced every 3-4 months. 3. Is flossing teeth necessary? ANS. It is absolutely necessary to floss. Flossing targets and removes the bacteria that toothbrushes cannot. These are the ones that are found in the tiny spaces between your teeth. In the absence of flossing the plaque continues to build up between the teeth and overtime hardens into tartar. Once this tartar is formed, a dentist visit becomes necessary. 4. Is there a way to spot a dental issue at the earliest? Girl with hans on teeth, Image credits: Pixabay ANS. The following signs and symptoms are a reminder that your dental health is at risk. ⦁ Redness and inflamed gums ⦁ Sensitive teeth ⦁ foul breath ⦁ Loose or broken teeth ⦁ Pain in the jaw 5. Do braces hurt? How can I take off my teeth when wearing braces? ANS. A brace doesn’t hurt your teeth. You need to look after your oral health properly after braces. Brush and your teeth after meals. Keep your retainers at a safe place and make it a habit to clean them regularly. Avoid high-sugar, sticky, and hard foods like chewing gums, corn, and nuts that tend to stick on your braces. Visit your dentist every six months. 6. How can I whiten my teeth? Teeth whitening effects, Image credits: Pixabay ANS. Teeth whitening procedures in a dental office are done to attain white teeth and their effect can last up to 3 years. Additionally, you can also purchase teeth-whitening kits available at stores and online. However, consuming alcohol, smoking, or eating acid-rich foods can derail all your efforts to achieve perfectly white, shining teeth. 7. Can I prevent cavities? ANS. You certainly can. Just Keep in mind a few simple things and you’ll be on your way to cavity-free teeth. ⦁ Spend a good 2-3 minutes brushing your teeth to remove the bacteria completely. Don’t rub the brush vigorously on your teeth. ⦁ Floss every day to remove the bacteria hiding between your teeth. ⦁ Limit sugary food like candy, fruits, and chips. Watch out for the food that sticks to your teeth like peanut butter as they can be a breeding ground for bacteria. Always brush your teeth after consuming such items. ⦁ In case you cannot brush, rinse your mouth with water or chew sugarless gum after eating. 8. Why do children need sealants? Sealants on teeth, Image credits: Pixabay ANS. Sealants are a thin coating painted on molars and premolars. They fight cavities by protecting the chewing surfaces of molars and premolars from bacteria that cause tooth decay. They have proved to be highly effective for children. You can ask your dentist whether sealants can be a good option for your child. We hope that by now that you are perfectly armed against anything that might destroy your dental oral health. Regularly following the tips and techniques mentioned in these FAQs will go a long way to maintaining and rocking your shining pearly whites. #FAQsAboutDentalOralHealth

Pregnancy brings an array of changes in your body. This is the stage you experience symptoms that you have never experienced before. Right from morning sickness and vomiting, the symptoms vary as you progress to the next trimesters. One such pain you observe during your pregnancy is the vaginal pain. What is Vaginal Pain? A pregnant woman, Credits: pexels There are lots of hormonal changes happening in the body during pregnancy, which causes infinite changes in your body. A pregnant woman experiences various sorts of pains in the lower back, breasts, abdomen, and stomach. Vaginal pain is usually seen in the second trimester of pregnancy and may continue throughout the pregnancy. Here we are discussing the types, causes, and treatment of vaginal pain during pregnancy. What are The Types of Vaginal Pain? A woman experiencing vaginal pain, Credits: pexels Vaginal pain is called the “lightning crotch”. The types of vaginal pair are: Stabbing Pain Nagging Pain Cutting Pain Stabbing Pain This is a common form of pricking pain that happens during the 5th to 8th week of pregnancy. The reason for this pain is the stretching of the uterine muscles and flatulence occurring in the mother’s intestines. If this sort of pain happens around the 37th week of pregnancy, it may be due to the upcoming event of childbirth. Nagging Pain Nagging pain is due to inflammation in the fallopian tubes or the cervix. There is nothing to worry about if the pain subsides immediately after treatment. But if the pain persists, immediate doctor consultation is necessary. Cutting Pain As your uterus grows to accommodate the size of your fetus, cutting pain is observed. The other reason for this pain includes cystitis during the early stages of pregnancy. If this pain is observed during the later stages of pregnancy, consult your doctor immediately as there is a possibility of fetal detachment. Causes of Vaginal Pain The causes of vaginal pain may vary depending on the timing and intensity. The common causes are Hormonal Changes Increased blood flow Enlargement of the uterus Infection Ectopic Pregnancy Dilation of the Cervix Hormonal Changes Pregnancy is a period where there are innumerable changes in the hormones. The changes in the hormones can lead to dryness in the vagina. This dryness leads to vaginal pain, especially during sexual intercourse. Increased Blood Flow Blood volume increases during pregnancy, Credits: pixabay The blood volume increases during your pregnancy and increased blood flow to the vagina along with heavy vaginal discharge are normal during pregnancy. The increased amount of blood can cause vaginal pain and discomfort. Enlargement of the Uterus Enlargement of the uterus causes vaginal pain, Credits: pixabay The size of your uterus expands to accommodate the growing fetus and this creates pressure in the vagina and the surrounding muscles. As the trimester progresses, the size of the fetus in the uterus increases. Sometimes you may feel a sharp, shooting sensation of pain due to overstretching of the ligaments and muscles surrounding the vagina. The baby’s weight can press down on the pelvic floor, creating a dull pain in the vagina. Infection Candida causes vaginal pain, Credits: pxfuel If the pain you experience is in the external genital area and the vagina, the cause may be a vaginal (fungal) infection. The common vaginal infection is Candida and this should be immediately treated. Ectopic Pregnancy Ectopic pregnancy is when implantation happens outside the uterus. The fertilized egg is unable to survive outside the uterus. This results in the rupture of the uterine tube, resulting in vaginal pain, nausea, and lightheadedness. Dilation of the Cervix A few weeks before your labor occurs, cervix dilation happens and this causes a sharp and shooting pain in the vagina. This is normal and not to worry. But if you feel that the pain is in the lower abdomen and it is increasing, consult your doctor immediately. How to Treat Vaginal Pain? Simple exercises help relieve vaginal pain, Credits: pexels Every expecting mother may experience vaginal pain at some point in time during the pregnancy. You can try the following measures to combat vaginal pain. Always lie down on your left side to improve your blood circulation and to get relief from vaginal pressure. When you sit down for long hours, place your feet elevated so that vaginal pressure and pain are reduced. Warm baths can be helpful to treat vaginal pain. After consultation with your doctor, follow simple exercises and yoga which can strengthen your muscles and improve blood circulation and reduce your vaginal pain. Kegel exercises can relieve vaginal pressure and pain. A pelvic massage done by a trained medical professional, after consultation with your doctor can help relieve your vaginal pain and can offer support to your pelvis. You can wear a pregnancy support belt to get relief from vaginal pressure. Take Home Message Vaginal pain is uncomfortable and common during pregnancy. If the pain is persistent and nagging, consult your doctor immediately.